Okokuqala, kufanele wazi okushiwo yilezi zifinyezo, i-RGPD, ngoba kuzobaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni imodeli yebhizinisi lakho ledijithali. Yebo, ilingana nalokho empeleni okuyi-General Data Protection Regulation (RGPD) futhi okuqale ukusebenza muva nje. Futhi uma une ezentengiselwano noma isitolo esiku-inthanethi Kuzofanele uthobele umthetho ukuze ungathathi ezinye izimanga ezingezinhle kusukela manje kuqhubeke.
Ngabe kufanele ngenze okuthile ukuvumelanisa isitolo sami noma ibhizinisi lami ne-GDPR? Ngalo mqondo, kufanele wazi ukuthi i-RGPD ingumthethonqubo ovunyelwe ezingeni le-European Union futhi inhloso yayo ukuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa kwemininingwane yomuntu siqu.
Kusukela manje, zonke izinkampani kuzofanele zenze ukuthi zitholakale kuwebhusayithi yazo Inqubomgomo Yobumfihlo echaza ukuthi banjani ukwelapha imininingwane ezinamakhasimende, oxhumana nabo, abasebenzi noma nje anentshisekelo yokuthola imininingwane yezentengiso.
Izimiso ezintsha ezifakiwe ku-RGPD
Kumthethonqubo wamanje wokuvikelwa kwedatha ezingeni laseYurophu, kucatshangelwa izimo ezintsha zabanikazi bebhizinisi ledijithali. Futhi phakathi kwazo kunezici ezilandelayo esikuvezela zona ngezansi. Lapho futhi kudingekile ukuthi unake ukuthi iPhalamende laseYurophu noMkhandlu ekugcineni bayigunyazile i-General Data Protection Regulation (RGPD), yona, enesifiso hlanganisa imibuso wawo wonke amazwe angamaLungu ngalolu daba, aqale ukusebenza ngoMeyi 25, 2016, yize ukuthobela kwawo kuzophoqeleka kuphela ngemuva kweminyaka emibili kusukela ngalolo suku.
Umgomo wokuzibophezela. Izindlela kuzodingeka zisetshenziswe ukufakazela ukuthi zonke izinyathelo ezidingekayo sezithathiwe ukucubungula imininingwane yomuntu njengoba kudingekile ngokujwayelekile. Kungumsebenzi osebenzayo. Izinhlangano kufanele zikwazi ukukhombisa ukuthi ziyahlangabezana nalezi zidingo, ezizodinga ukwakhiwa kwezinqubomgomo, izinqubo, izilawuli, njll.
Izimiso zokuvikelwa kwedatha ngokuzenzakalela nangokwakhiwa. Kulesi senzakalo, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nezinga kusukela lapho inkampani, umkhiqizo, isevisi noma umsebenzi obandakanya ukucutshungulwa kwedatha waklanywa, njengomthetho futhi kusukela emthonjeni.
Isimiso sokubonisa ngale. Izaziso zomthetho nezinqubomgomo zobumfihlo kufanele zibe lula futhi zizwakale, zisize ukuqonda kwazo, futhi ziphelele ngokwengeziwe. Kucatshangwe nokuthi, ukuze kwaziswe ngokwelashwa kwemininingwane, kungasetshenziswa imifanekiso ejwayelekile.
Izibopho ezintsha zezinkampani zedijithali
Kwesinye isikhathi, kuzophoqeleka ukuthi kuqokwe i-Data Protection Delegate (i-DPO), yangaphakathi noma yangaphandle, ukusiza izinhlangano ngenkathi ukuhambisana okujwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, ukuba yinkimbinkimbi kwezinga elisha kuzokwenza ukuthi lesi sibalo sinconywe kakhulu ezinhlanganweni eziningi kakhulu.
Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlolwa komthelela wobumfihlo kufanele kwenziwe, okuzogcina kunqume izingozi ezithile ezibandakanyeka ekucubunguleni idatha ethile yomuntu siqu futhi zibone izinyathelo zokunciphisa noma zokuqeda izingozi ezishiwoyo.
Izinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe zizoba nomphathi wegunya elilodwa lokulawula likazwelonke: lelo lesikhungo esikhulu sebhizinisi. Yilokho okwaziwa njengewindi elilodwa.
Ukwephulwa kwezokuphepha kufanele kudluliselwe kuziphathimandla ezilawulayo futhi, ezimweni ezibucayi, kulabo abathintekayo, ngokushesha nje lapho baziwa, kusungulwe isikhathi esiphezulu samahora angama-72.
Idatha ebucayiIdatha evikelwe ngokukhethekile iyanwetshwa, manje ifaka imininingwane yezofuzo neye-biometric. Amacala obugebengu kanye nokugwetshwa nakho kufakiwe kulesi sigaba, yize kungenjalo okuphatha.
Ukukhethwa komuntu ophethe ukwelashwa kunzima kakhulu, ngoba kuzodingeka ukuthi ukhethe eyodwa enikeza iziqinisekiso ezanele zokuhambisana nomthetho.
Iziqinisekiso ezengeziwe zalokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukudluliswa kwedatha yaphesheya: ngokusungulwa kweziqiniseko eziqinile nezindlela zokuqapha maqondana nokudluliswa kwedatha yamazwe omhlaba ngaphandle kwe-European Union.
Izimpawu nezitifiketi: kulindeleke ukuthi kudalulwe izimpawu nezitifiketi zokuhambisana okuvumela ukugunyazwa kokuphendula ngezinhlangano.
Isibopho sokubhalisa amafayela siyanyamalala, okushintshwa ukulawulwa kwangaphakathi futhi, kwezinye izimo, ukubalwa kokuqhutshwa kwedatha okwenziwayo, okungabonakala njengokuqukethwe okufana nalokhu okwamanje okufomu umbuzo.
unswinyo: amanani ezijeziso zokwephula umthetho akhula, afinyelela kuma-euro ayizigidi ezingama-20 noma ama-4% wenzuzo yonyaka yomhlaba wonke (engafakwanga ezinhlawulisweni eziya ku-Public Administrations, yize amazwe angamaLungu angavuma ukwenza kanjalo).
Amalungelo amasha ahlinzekwa ngumthethonqubo
Ukungafihli nolwazi. Izinhlangano, lapho zicubungula idatha yomuntu siqu, kufanele zinikeze imininingwane ethe xaxa futhi ngendlela eqondakalayo, ephelele futhi elula, ezovumela ukuthathwa kwezinqumo yisakhamuzi. Kucatshangelwa ngokukhethekile izingane ngalesi sikhathi.
Imvume. Imvume yokukwazi ukucubungula idatha yomuntu siqu kufanele ingangabazeki, ikhululeke futhi isuswe futhi kufanele inikezwe ngendlela ecacile yokuvuma. Imvume yesithunzi ayivunyelwe.
Ilungelo lokukhohlwa. Imvume enikezwe ukucubungula idatha yomuntu siqu ingahle ihoxiswe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, ukwazi ukufuna ukususwa nokususwa kwedatha kumanethiwekhi omphakathi noma izinjini zokusesha ze-inthanethi.
Ilungelo lokulinganiselwa kokwelashwa okukhulunywa ngakho. Ivumela isakhamuzi ukuthi sicele ukuvinjelwa kwesikhashana kokucutshungulwa kwedatha yabo lapho kunempikiswano mayelana nokuba semthethweni kwayo.
Ukuphatheka kwedatha. Isakhamuzi sizovunyelwa ukucela ukudluliswa kwemininingwane yomuntu kusuka komnikezeli wesevisi ye-Intanethi aye komunye.
Izikhalazo. Izikhalazo zingafakwa ngokusebenzisa izinhlangano zabasebenzisi.
Isinxephezelo nezinhlawulo ngokungathobeli umthetho. Kuyabonakala ukuthi kungenzeka ukufuna isinxephezelo ngomonakalo osuselwe ekwelapheni okungekho emthethweni kwedatha yomuntu siqu.
Umuntu obhekele lelo fayela angahle akhokhe imali yokuphendula ukusetshenziswa kwelungelo lokufinyelela, kucatshangelwa izindleko zokuphatha ezibandakanya lokhu.
Ukucatshangelwa ekusetshenzisweni kwayo okulungile
Ngaphandle kwalokhu okungenhla, kusenezinto eziningi ezisalinde ukukhula kwazo kanye nokuqina okubalulwe kulo mthetho. Ngalo mqondo, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi amazwe angamalungu, iziphathimandla ezilawulayo, i-European Data Protection Committee kanye neKhomishini kumele bacacise inqwaba yezinto ezivela ku-RGPD eziyindida kakhulu noma ezingacacile.
Kunoma ikuphi, izinhlinzeko eziqukethwe yiMithethonqubo zisebenza ngqo eZweni ngalinye lamaLungu, ngaphandle kwesidingo sezinguquko, futhi ziphoqa izinkampani ezizimele kanye nezikhungo zomphakathi ukuthi zibhekane nenqubo ebalulekile yokulungiswa kokulawulwa.
Kodwa-ke, i-RGPD ayiyisusi ngokuzenzakalela i-LOPD nemithetho yayo yokusebenzisa. Imane isuse lokhu ize ifike ezingeni lokuthi ayihambisani nakho. Kulezo zindawo lapho lokhu kungahambelani kungenzeki, zombili lezi zimiso zizohlangana, okwenza kubonakale izinkinga eziningi ezisebenzayo nezitolikayo, ukuxazululwa kwazo okuzodinga usizo lochwepheshe abakhethekile abanikeza iziqinisekiso ezanele. Ngenkathi ngakolunye uhlangothi, inqubo yokuzivumelanisa nezimo kabusha ingeyona elula kwezobuchwepheshe, ngakho-ke kuzobaluleka ukuthi izinkampani zibe nezeluleko ezikhethekile zezomthetho ezinikeza iziqinisekiso ezanele.
Thola insizakalo yokuvikela idatha
Indlela enhle yokuthola insizakalo yokuvikela idatha ukucela izingcaphuno ku Inhlangano Yezinkampani Zokuvikela Idatha (AEPD.org). Ngalo mqondo, i-AEPD.org inoshintsho olusemthethweni phakathi kwezinkampani ezihambisana nayo. Ukusebenza kwayo kulula: Kufanele ucele isabelomali ku-AEPD.org futhi le nhlangano efanayo iyisabalalisa kubalingani bayo, izama ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ikhasimende lokugcina lithola izeluleko ezinhle.
Uma ungayi ku-AEPD.org, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuthola izilinganiso ukuya ngakunye kumawebhusayithi ezinkampani ezivikela imininingwane. Le nqubo ihamba kancane, kepha futhi iyasebenza. Emasontweni azayo sizokwenza futhi sishicilele uhlu lwezinkampani ze-LOPD, ukwenza lo msebenzi ube lula. Okwamanje, mhlawumbe inketho engcono kakhulu ukuya ku-Association of Companies Protection Companies.
Iziphetho zokugcina
Imvume kufanele inikezwe ngendlela yokuvuma ecacile ekhombisa ukubonakaliswa okukhululekile, okucacisiwe, okwazisiwe nokungangabazeki komuntu othintekayo ukwamukela ukucutshungulwa kwemininingwane yomuntu ephathelene naye, njengesitatimende esibhaliwe, kufaka phakathi izindlela zikagesi, noma isitatimende somlomo.
Lokhu kungafaka ukubheka ibhokisi kwiwebhusayithi eku-inthanethi, ukukhetha imingcele yezobuchwepheshe yokusetshenziswa kwezinsizakalo zomphakathi wolwazi, noma esinye isitatimende noma isimilo esikhombisa ngokusobala kulo mongo ukuthi umuntu onentshisekelo uyakwamukela ukwelashwa okuhlongozwayo kwemininingwane yakhe yangasese. Ngakho-ke, ukuthula, amabhokisi amakiwe noma ukungasebenzi akumele kube yimvume.
Imvume kufanele inikezwe ngayo yonke imisebenzi yokucubungula eyenziwa ngezinhloso ezifanayo noma ezifanayo. Lapho ukwelashwa kunezinjongo eziningana, kufanele kunikezwe imvume yazo zonke. Uma imvume yalowo onentshisekelo kufanele inikezwe ngenxa yesicelo esenziwa ngogesi, isicelo kufanele sicace, sifinyelele futhi singaphazamisi ngokungadingekile ukusetshenziswa kwensizakalo enikezwe yona.