Ukwenza i-e-commerce ibe ngeyamazwe ngamazwe kungenye yezinhloso ezibaluleke kakhulu nezinenzuzo kakhulu esimweni sedijithali sanamuhla. Esimweni somhlaba wonke, ukufinyelela izimakethe zakwamanye amazwe ngendlela ecophelelayo neyobungcweti kungaba yisisusa esiqhubekisela phambili ukufezwa kwezinhloso ezibekwe ekuqaleni kwanoma yimuphi umsebenzi wedijithali, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unjani noma izimo zawo. Amandla okudlula imingcele ebonakalayo avumela izinkampani ukuthi zingagcini nje ngokukhulisa imali engenayo kodwa futhi zihlukanise izingozi zazo futhi ziqinise uphawu lwazo.
Ngaphakathi kwalesi simo sisonke, kubalulekile ukucabangela zonke izinketho zokulethwa kanye nezokuthutha, njengoba okulindelwe ngabathengi kuhluka kakhulu kuye ngezwe. Ukwenziwa kwamazwe ngamazwe akuyona nje indlela yokulungisa ubuchwepheshe, kodwa isu lebhizinisi elijulile elingasiza inkampani ukuthi ikhule ngale kwezinye izinto zokusebenza. Ukuqinisekisa impumelelo, kubalulekile ukuzibekela imigomo efinyelelekayo nefinyelelekayo , ngokusekelwe ohlelweni lokukhulisa oluqinile nolubhalwe kahle.
Ukuthengisa kwamanye amazwe kusuka kupulatifomu eyodwa eku-inthanethi kungenye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko zokuhweba nge-e-commerce kunokuthengisa kwendabuko. Kodwa-ke, ukuze ugweme ukudala "inkampani enkulu enezinyawo zobumba," ibhizinisi lidinga isisekelo esiqinile , okungcono kube uphawu lwezwe oluzinzile kanye nesimo sezezimali esihle. Ukwanda kwamanye amazwe kudinga izinsiza zezimali eziqinile , njengoba izimakethe ezivuthiwe nezincintisana kakhulu zingabandakanya ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu ekukhangiseni nasekusebenzeni.
Izikhiye zokwenza umhlaba wonke we-ecommerce: ukwazi imakethe
Esinye sezisekelo zanoma iyiphi inqubo yokwandisa ucwaningo lwemakethe . Kuyiphutha elivamile ukweqa lesi sinyathelo bese ugxumela esenzweni, kodwa ukuphenya ngokucophelela izwe okuqondiwe kulo yikho okuhlukanisa ukukhula okusimeme nokwehluleka okubizayo. Ukumaketha kuhlukile ngokwemvelo kuzo zonke izingxenye zomhlaba; noma ngabe kusetshenziswa amathuluzi afanayo, imiyalezo kanye nendlela kumele kuhambisane nesengqondo somthengi wendawo.
Kubalulekile ukuhlaziya ukuvuthwa komkhakha , amandla awo okukhula, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke, umncintiswano. Ukuhlonza abadlali abaphambili (abancintisana nabo, abaphakeli, kanye nabasabalalisi), ukuhlaziya ukuzinza kwentengo, kanye nokuqonda imithetho yamanje kubalulekile. Ukwandisa emakethe ngale kwemingcele yethu akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa ukuthengiswa kwemikhiqizo noma izinsizakalo kodwa futhi kusebenza njengesixazululo esihlakaniphile lapho kubhekene nezinkinga zomnotho ezingaba khona noma isidingo esigcwele emakethe yendawo.
Ukuze ukhethe indawo efanele, izici zezenhlalo kanye nokuhambisana kwamasiko kumele kuhlolwe. Isibonelo, ngenkathi ezimakethe zaseYurophu njengeJalimane , iFrance, kanye ne-UK zigxile engxenyeni enkulu yemakethe ye-B2C, ezinye ezifana nePortugal noma i-Italy zinikeza amandla okukhula ngenxa yokuvuthwa kwazo okuphansi. Ngisho nezimakethe ezinkulu ezifana neShayina zinikeza amathuba amakhulu, yize zinezithiyo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu zokungena kanye nemithetho yomdlalo edinga isu elikhethekile.
Zivumelanise nazo zonke izindlela zokukhokha ezijwayelekile nezasendaweni
Inqubo yokukhokha iyisikhathi esibaluleke kakhulu ekuguqulweni. Ukuze uchume ebhizinisini eliku-inthanethi lamazwe ngamazwe, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa imali yendawo . Ukubonisa amanani ngemali yangaphandle kudala ukungezwani, kwesabise umthengi, futhi kwehlisa ulwazi lomsebenzisi (UX) . Okungcono kakhulu, izinhlelo zemali eziningi kufanele zisetshenziswe ukuze kuvunyelwe ukujikeleza okuzenzakalelayo kanye nezenzo zokuphromotha ezenzelwe imakethe ngayinye.
Akukhona mayelana nokunikeza zonke izindlela zokukhokha ezitholakalayo, kodwa kunalokho lezo ezivamile futhi ezikhethwayo ezweni ngalinye. Nakuba amakhadi evame kakhulu eSpain, ukudluliselwa kwebhange kuvame kakhulu eJalimane, amakhadi esikweletu ayathandwa eNgilandi, kanti izinkokhelo zamabhange amaningi ziyathandwa ePortugal . Ukungazinaki lezi zindlela kungaholela enanini elikhulu lezinqola zokuthenga ezilahliwe.
Kunconywa ukuhlanganisa izindlela zokukhokha ezintsha nezijwayelekile njenge -PayPal , enikeza ukuphepha nokuzethemba kubathengi bamazwe ngamazwe. Ngokufanayo, ukusebenzisa izixazululo zokukhokha eziguquguqukayo (njengokukhokha ngezigaba noma ukukhokha lapho kulethwa) kungakhuphula kakhulu amazinga okuguqulwa, njengoba kunciphisa isithiyo sengqondo sokukhokha ngokushesha ezimakethe ezingajwayelekile.
Ukwenziwa ngcono kwesitolo esiku-inthanethi kanye nokwenza kube okwasendaweni
Uma ucwaningo lwemakethe seluhle, ukulungiswa kobuchwepheshe kuyaqala. Ukuthuthukisa isitolo esiku-inthanethi kufanele kube yinto eza kuqala ngokushesha. Ukuhumusha umbhalo akwanele; inqubo yokwenza indawo ibe ngeyasendaweni iyadingeka . Ngenkathi ukwenziwa kwendawo kube ukuguqulwa kobuchwepheshe kwesofthiwe kube ngeyasendaweni, ukwenziwa kwendawo kube ukuguqulwa kolimi namasiko kokuqukethwe.
Ukuze kufezwe ukuxhumana komhlaba wonke okuseqophelweni eliphezulu, kubalulekile ukugwema abahumushi abazenzakalelayo njenge-Google Translate, njengoba bengadala amaphutha amakhulu aveza isithombe esingesona esobungcweti. Ochwepheshe bomdabu abakwaziyo ukulungisa izaga, izinkulumo, kanye nezinkomba zamasiko kufanele baqashwe. Iphutha lokuhumusha lingenza umkhiqizo ubonakale ucasula noma umane uyisiwula emakethe okuqondiwe kuyo, uxoshe amakhasimende angaba khona.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isitolo kumele silungiselelwe ukusebenza kanye nesivinini kuye ngesifunda. Ukusebenzisa amanethiwekhi okulethwa kokuqukethwe (ama-CDN) kuqinisekisa ukuthi iwebhusayithi ilayisha ngokushesha noma kuphi emhlabeni, okuvimbela abasebenzisi ekushiyeni isayithi ngenxa yokubambezeleka.
Dala futhi ugcine iwebhusayithi yamanye amazwe
Ukwakha ingqalasizinda yewebhu yomhlaba wonke kubalulekile ekuboniseni isithombe somkhiqizo esiqinile . Amabhizinisi kumele abe nezimali kanye nezinsizakusebenza zabantu ukuphatha izinguqulo ezithile zezwe zamawebhusayithi awo. Kunezindlela eziningana zokuchaza igama lesizinda :
- Ama-ccTLD (Amadomeni Kazwelonke): Njenge-.de yeJalimane noma i-.fr yeFrance. Banikeza ukwethenjwa okuphezulu futhi bathuthukisa i-SEO yendawo.
- Izizinda ezingaphansi: Njenge-es.tienda.com noma i-uk.tienda.com. Kulula kakhulu ukuziphatha ngokobuchwepheshe.
- Izinhlu zemibhalo ezingaphansi: Njenge-tienda.com/es/ noma i-tienda.com/uk/. Bafaka igunya lesizinda esiyinhloko ndawonye.
Ukuba newebhusayithi yamazwe ngamazwe akugcini nje ngokwandisa ukuthengisa kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa isikhundla sokuncintisana . Uhlobo olusebenza emhlabeni wonke lubhekwa njengoluqinile futhi oluthembekile. Ukuze kulondolozwe lolu hlelo, ukulawulwa okuphelele kwempahla yamazwe ngamazwe kanye nokuphathwa kwekhathalogi okuhlelekile kubalulekile, njengoba izitayela zabathengi ziyahlukahluka ngokwesifunda futhi imikhiqizo ethile kungadingeka ikhishwe noma igqanyiswe ezimakethe ezithile.
Cabanga ngamazwe ngamazwe bese usebenzisa i-SEO yomhlaba wonke
Umthengi wanamuhla uyakwazisa ukuphepha. Ukuba nezinkomba ezibonakalayo zokuthi isitolo sisebenza ezimakethe eziningi ngokushesha kwakha ukwethembana . Kodwa-ke, ukubonakala akwenziwa ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ukusebenzisa isu le -SEO lamazwe ngamazwe kubalulekile . Lokhu kuhilela ukucwaninga amagama angukhiye athile abasebenzisi abawasebenzisayo olimini lwendawo, njengoba ukuhumusha igama elingukhiye ngokoqobo akubonisi njalo inhloso yokusesha yangempela yomsebenzisi wangaphandle.
Ngaphezu kolimi, ulwazi lomsebenzisi (UX) kumele luvumelane namasiko endawo. Umklamo wezithombe, izithombe, kanye nesakhiwo sokuzulazula kungahluka. Isibonelo, imibala kanye nokuhlelwa kwezinto kungaba nezincazelo ezahlukene kuye ngesiko. Isu lokumaketha ledijithali elihambisanayo kufanele lifake imikhankaso eyenzelwe wena, kusetshenziswa amapulatifomu ezokuxhumana athandwa kakhulu esifundeni ngasinye kanye nokusebenzisana nabantu abathonya bendawo abangaqinisekisa uphawu nezithameli ezintsha.
Amasu okulethwa kwezidingo zomhlaba wonke kanye nokuthutha
I-Logistics cishe iyinselele eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu yokwenza izinto zibe ngezamazwe ngamazwe. Isevisi efanayo ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa; kuyadingeka ukunikeza izinketho ezahlukene zokulethwa ezifanelana nokulindelwe kwendawo. Kwamanye amazwe, amakhasimende akhetha ukulethwa okusheshayo ekhaya, kanti kwamanye, izindawo zokuqoqa ziyindlela ekhethwayo ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwazo.
Ukukhetha umlingani wezokuthutha ofanele kubalulekile. Nakuba izinsizakalo zeposi zasekhaya zingase zibize kancane, izinkampani zeposi ezisungulwe emhlabeni wonke zinikeza ukuphathwa okungcono kwamasiko kanye nezikhathi zokulethwa ezithembeke kakhudlwana, okunciphisa kakhulu amazinga okubuyisa kanye nezikhalazo. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe le nqubo, amamodeli e-Fulfillment by Amazon (FBA) angasetshenziswa , lapho isitoko sigcinwa khona ezikhungweni zezokuthutha ezweni okuya kulo, kunciphisa izindleko kanye nezikhathi zokuthumela.
Izindleko zokuthumela kufanele zilinganisele futhi zicace . Izindleko zokuthumela eziphezulu ziyimbangela eyinhloko yokushiywa kwenqola yokuthenga. Ezinye izimakethe, njengeJalimane, zinesiko eliqinile lokunikeza ukuthunyelwa kwamazwe ngamazwe kwamahhala noma okungabizi kakhulu . Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukubala izindleko zokuthumela ngokunembile nokuzihlanganisa nesu lokubeka amanani ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yinzuzo.
Ukuhlolwa kwezindleko, intela kanye nemithethonqubo yezomthetho
Ngaphambi kokuqalisa ukunwetshwa, amabhizinisi kumele enze ukuhlaziywa okujulile kwentela yamazwe ngamazwe . Imithetho yentela iyahlukahluka kakhulu, futhi kubalulekile ukuba nomeluleki onguchwepheshe wokuphatha i-VAT yamazwe ngamazwe , intela yokungenisa impahla, kanye nezibopho zokukhokha ama-invoyisi. Ukungazinaki lezi zici kungabangela izinhlawulo ezinkulu noma kushiye amakhasimende ezizwa ekhohlisiwe yizindleko zamasiko ezingalindelekile lapho ethola iphakheji yawo.
Imithethonqubo yezomthetho ingenye iphuzu elibalulekile. Imithetho yokuvikela abathengi, imithethonqubo yokulebula, kanye nemikhawulo yokungenisa imikhiqizo ethile kumele ifundwe. Ezinye izinto zingase zamukeleke ngokomthetho ezweni ezivela kulo kodwa zenqatshelwe noma zivinjelwe ezweni eliya kulo. Ukuthobela imithethonqubo yobumfihlo bedatha (njenge-GDPR eYurophu noma imithetho efanayo kwamanye amazwekazi) kuyimpoqo ukuze kusebenze ngokusemthethweni.
Ukuze kuncishiswe lezi zingozi, isu elihlakaniphile ukubambisana nezinkampani zasendaweni . Lezi zivumelwano zenza kube lula ukuhlanganiswa kwemakethe, zisize ekuqondiseni izikhulu, futhi zinikeze ukuqonda okubalulekile ngesiko lebhizinisi lendawo. Ngokufanayo, ukuqala ukwanda ngezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe kungaba yindlela ehlakaniphile yokuhlola isidingo ngaphambi kokutshala imali engqalasizinda ephelele.
Isevisi yamakhasimende yezilimi eziningi kanye nokusekelwa kwangemva kokuthengisa
Ubuhlobo nekhasimende abupheli ngokuthengisa. Isevisi yamakhasimende esezingeni eliphezulu ngolimi lwendawo iyinani elengeziwe elikhuthaza ukwethembeka. Ukuthola ukwesekwa ngolimi lwakho kuveza ukuzibophezela kanye nobungcweti. Ukusebenzisa izingxoxo eziku-inthanethi nabasebenzi abafanelekile noma izinombolo zocingo zendawo kuvimbela ukungaqondani futhi kuxazulula izinkinga ngempumelelo.
Kubalulekile ukuqeqesha ithimba lokusekela hhayi ngolimi kuphela kodwa nangesiko lamakhasimende . Indlela isikhalazo esisingathwa ngayo eJapane ihluke kakhulu endleleni esenziwa ngayo e-United States. Insizakalo yangemva kokuthengisa ezwelana futhi eguquliwe ngokwesiko iyithuluzi elihle kakhulu lokunciphisa amazinga okubuyisa imali nokukhuthaza ukuthengwa okuphindaphindiwe ezimakethe zomhlaba wonke.
Ukwanda kwendawo kuwuhambo oluqhubekayo lokufunda nokwenza ngcono. Ukuhlanganisa ucwaningo olujulile lwemakethe, indawo yobuchwepheshe engenaphutha, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla okusebenzayo, kanye nokuthobela imithetho eqinile kuvumela ibhizinisi le-e-commerce ukuthi liguquke lisuka ekusebenzeni kwendawo liye kumkhiqizo womhlaba wonke. Isihluthulelo sisekulinganiseni ingqikithi yomkhiqizo nokuguquguquka okudingekayo ukuze uzivumelanise nayo yonke indawo yomhlaba, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi konke ukuxhumana namakhasimende aphesheya kukhululekile, kuphephile futhi kuyanelisa.
