Joomla Kuyinto a umphathi wokuqukethwe (CMS) ebitholakala ku-inthanethi kusukela yasungulwa futhi iyanqwabelana amashumi ezigidi zokulandwaLokhu kusho ukuthi ingenye yezinhlelo zokuphatha okuqukethwe ezidume kakhulu, eyesibili ngemuva kwe-WordPress.
UJoomla, i-CMS enamandla kakhulu
Hhayi kuphela amasayithi nezinkampani ezibaluleke njenge I-eBay ne-Peugeot zisebenzisa i-Joomla ukuphatha okuqukethwe, ibuye isetshenziswe ngabantu abafana noLeonardo DiCaprio. Futhi kunezizathu ezinhle kakhulu zokuthi kungani lokhu uhlelo lokuphatha isibe enye ethandwa kakhulu ku-inthanethi.
Okokufaka I-Joomla inikezela ngosekelo kanye nokwenza kahle kumklamo osabelayo, ukuze kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isayithi lifinyelelwa ngamadivaysi eselula noma ikhompuyutha yedeskithophu, ikhasi ngeke liboniswe ngendlela entula. Ngisho nakumasayithi asebenza ngolimi oluhlukile, UJoomla uphinde anikeze ngamaphakethe wezilimi angama-70 lokho kungafakwa ngokuchofoza okumbalwa.
Esinye isici sokugqamisa I-Joomla iwukuthi kuvele kuyisofthiwe elula ukuyibuyekezaOnjiniyela nethimba labasekeli bahlala bengeza izici ezintsha nokuthuthukiswa okuya ngokuya kuba usizo. Isibuyekezo singasetshenziswa futhi ngokuchofoza okumbalwa ngokuqondile kusuka kuphaneli yomqondisi.
Ukuba ngu- inkundla yomthombo ovulekile, i-Joomla ivumela noma ubani ukuthi anikele kulolu hlelo lokuphatha okuqukethwe. Futhi ngisho noma ingekho ingxoxo ebukhoma noma ungakwazi shayela umuntu Ukuze uthole ukubonisana kwamahhala kwesayithi, kukhona a imibhalo ebanzi kanye neForamu Yomsebenzisi esiza ukuxazululwa kwanoma iyiphi inkinga.
UJoomla naye unakho I-Joomla Media Manager, okuyithuluzi elikuvumela ukuthi usebenze ngamafayela e-multimedia avela kuphaneli yokuphatha. Ngokungafani namanye ama-CMS, I-Joomla ikuvumela ukuthi udale amafolda kuseva futhi ulayishe kalula amafayela ukusuka lapho. Iningi lezinye izinhlelo zokuphatha okuqukethwe zidinga ukufinyelela nge-FTP noma i-cPanel.
Iyini i-Joomla futhi yenzelweni ngempela?
Joomla a isoftware yomthombo wamahhala nevulekile, ithuthukiswe nge-PHP futhi inelayisensi I-GNU/GPL, okukuvumela ukuthi udale amawebhusayithi ngaphandle kokuhlela. Iphaneli yayo yokulawula (i-backend) inikeza ukufinyelela ku dala, hlela, noma susa okuqukethwe, faka izandiso futhi ushintshe umklamo usebenzisa izifanekiso.
Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo se-modular kanye ne-a uhlelo lwemvume (ACL) Iphelele kakhulu, ilungele amaphrojekthi anabahleli abaningi, izindima, nokugeleza kokushicilela. Nge-Joomla ungakha ama-blogs, amawebhusayithi ezinkampani, omagazini abaku-inthanethi, izinkundla nemiphakathi, izindawo ezizimele zamakhasimende, ezitolo ze-intanethi, ama-intranethi nama-extranet, kanye nezingosi zemfundo.
Futhi, i-CMS. izilimi eziningi zomdabu: Ungakwazi ukuhumusha isixhumi esibonakalayo sokuphatha nokuqukethwe okusesidlangalaleni, uphathe amamenyu ngolimi, futhi uthole ngokuzenzakalelayo izintandokazi zabasebenzisi.
Izandiso ze-Joomla: Injini Yangempela
El isandiso se-ecosystem ikuvumela ukuthi unwebe umnyombo ngaphandle kokulayisha ngokweqile iphrojekthi. Kunezinhlobo ezinhlanu eziyinhloko:
- Izingxenye: khiqiza okuqukethwe okuyinhloko kwekhasi. Izibonelo ezijwayelekile zomongo umphathi we-athikili (com_okuqukethwe), ukusesha (com_search) noma amabhanela (com_izibhengezo). Zakhiwa i-backend y ngaphambili.
- Amamojula: amabhulokhi olwazi olwengeziwe abekwe ezindaweni zezifanekiso (isb., "Izindaba Zakamuva", izindatshana ezidumile, amamenyu).
- Ama-Plugin: engeza logic esebenza kumicimbi (okuqukethwe, uhlelo, umsebenzisi, njll.). Abalulekile ekuhlanganisweni, i-SEO, ukuphepha, noma abahleli abacebile.
- Izifanekiso: nquma i ukubukeka yewebhu. Izitayela eziningi zingachazwa futhi zabelwe amakhasi athile.
- izilimi: Amaphakheji okuhumusha okusetshenziswa kubonwa nokuqukethwe.
Ukufaka izandiso kulula njengokulayisha i-ZIP nokuchofoza ukufaka. Uma unolwazi oluthile, ungakwazi thuthukisa ezakho izandiso ukuthembela kuhlaka lwe-Joomla kanye nemibhalo kanjiniyela wayo.
I-SEO, ukusebenza nokufinyeleleka
I-Joomla ihlanganisa Ama-URL anobungane, izinkundla ze imethadatha, izihloko zangokwezifiso, nezinketho zokukhomba. Ngezandiso ze-SEO, ungakwazi ukwengeza amamephu esayithi, umaka ohlelekile, nokuhlolwa kwekhasi. Mayelana nokusebenza, inakho ikhasi kanye nenqolobane yento, Ukucindezelwa kwe-Gzip, ukuhlanganisa i-CSS/JS nokunciphisa, nokusekelwa kwe-CDN; uma ukusingathwa kwakho kusebenzisa i-LiteSpeed, ungavumela I-LiteSpeed ​​​​Cache ye-Joomla ukusheshisa nakakhulu.
I-Las izifanekiso eziphendulayo qinisekisa okuhlangenwe nakho okuhle kweselula, futhi umhleli wendabuko ikuvumela ukuthi uchaze izihloko ezilandelanayo kanye neminye imibhalo. Ngombala omuhle nezinqubo zokuqhathanisa, nokunakekela nge-semantics, kulula ukuhlangabezana nemihlahlandlela yokufinyeleleka.
Ukuphepha nezibuyekezo
U-Joomla usegxile kakhulu ku- ukuphepha okuyisisekelo futhi ngenqubo elula yokubuyekeza. Ungavula ukuqinisekiswa okuyizinyathelo ezimbili, phatha izimvume ze-granular ngeqembu, buyekeza amalogi esenzo, futhi wenze lukhuni isayithi ngama-firewall plugin noma umzamo wokufinyelela. Ukugcina ingqikithi, izifanekiso, nezandiso kusesikhathini samanje kubalulekile ekunciphiseni ubungozi.
Izidingo zobuchwepheshe nokusingathwa okunconyiwe
Ukuze asebenze, u-Joomla udinga i iwebhusayithi ye-servidor edumile (i-Apache, i-Nginx noma i-IIS), PHP kanye nesizindalwazi I-MySQL/MariaDB noma i-PostgreSQLUngasebenza endaweni ukuze uhlolwe noma uqashe a ukusingathwa okuthuthukisiwe ekuvumela ukuthi ulungiselele izinguqulo ze-PHP, uvule i-OPcache, ukugcinwa kwesikhashana kweleveli yeseva, kanye ne-HTTPS ethi Let's Encrypt. Izipele ezizenzakalelayo nokubuyisela ngokuchofoza okukodwa kunconywa kakhulu.
Ukuphatha abasebenzisi, izindima, nokugeleza komsebenzi wokuhlela
Isistimu ye-ACL kaJoomla ikuvumela ukuthi udale abasebenzisi abanezindima ezithile (umbhali, umhleli, umphathi, umlawuli...) futhi ubeke umkhawulo kulokho umuntu ngamunye angakubona noma akwenze: dala, hlela, shicilela, layisha amafayela, lungisa amamenyu, faka izandiso, njll. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuhamba komsebenzi ngokubuyekezwa nokushicilelwa, futhi inikeza ukulandeleka kwezinguquko.
I-Joomla kwezemfundo: ukubeka izinsiza endaweni eyodwa nokunciphisa iziphazamiso
Emkhakheni wezemfundo, uJoomla usebenza njenge indawo yokuqala ebeka phakathi okuqukethwe kanye nemisebenzi. Uthisha angahlanganisa impahla siqu ngezixhumanisi zezinsiza zangaphandle, ihlele ngezigaba namamenyu, futhi udale izigaba ezibonakala ngazo amaqembu abafundi ngezimvume ezenziwe ngokwezifiso.
Amathuba amaningana angokoqobo ayagqama:
- Amamojula angokwezifiso ane-HTML eshumekiwe- Faka amafomu (isb., adalwe ngamathuluzi aku-inthanethi), izinhlolovo, izethulo, noma amawijethi usebenzisa ikhodi Shumeka, ukugcina abafundi besendaweni eyodwa.
- Ukuhlanganiswa komphakathi: Bonisa okuqukethwe okuvela kumakhasi e-Facebook noma izifunzo ze-Twitter/YouTube usebenzisa ama-plugin asemthethweni noma amamojula, inqobo nje uma izinqubomgomo zokushumeka zikuvumela lokho.
- Okuqukethwe kwangaphandle kuhlaka: Uma isayithi lomthombo likuvumela, ungakwazi shumeka iwebhusayithi kumojuli noma i-athikili. Uma kunemikhawulo (izihloko ze-X-Frame-Options), xhuma ku ama-hyperlink noma izinto zemenyu ukuze uyivule kuthebhu entsha.
- Umphathi Wesihloko: ilungele ukushicilela izingcingo, imihlangano nezinto zekilasi, ukunamathisela izixhumanisi ezinkundleni zenkomfa ngevidiyo noma amaqoqo amadokhumenti.
- Ukuphathwa kwefayela: nge umphathi we-multimedia noma abahleli abathuthukile njenge-JCE, ungalayisha ama-PDF, izithombe, noma amafayela acindezelwe; ungakwazi futhi ukuxhumanisa namafu (Drive, OneDrive, Dropbox).
Ukufinyelela kuyinto imishini eminingi nezifanekiso eziphendulayo ziqinisekisa ukubukwa okuhle kudeskithophu, ithebhulethi, namadivayisi eselula. Kusukela kudeshibhodi, ungabuyekeza vakashela izibalo, phatha abasebenzisi futhi unakekele a irekhodi wezinguquko.
Izinqubo ezinhle zokuqalisa
- Faka kuphela okudingekayo- Gwema ukulayisha kakhulu isayithi lakho ngezandiso ezingadingekile.
- isakhiwo esicacile: Izigaba namamenyu achazwe kahle ukuze umsebenzisi akwazi ukuthola ngokushesha lokho abakufunayo.
- Izipele nendawo yokuhlola: Hlola izibuyekezo ku-clone ngaphambi kokuzisebenzisa ekukhiqizeni.
- Lungiselela izithombeLayisha kuphela okubalulekile futhi ngamafomethi acindezelwe; sebenzisa umphathi wemidiya ukugcina amafolda ehlelekile.
- I-SEO ekhasini: Isihloko esinenjongo yosesho, nakekela imethadatha, ukuxhumanisa kwangaphakathi nokusebenza.
Uma udinga i-CMS ezinzile, eguquguqukayo ene-ecosystem ekhulile, i-Joomla inikeza amandla amaphrojekthi ayinkimbinkimbi ngaphandle kokudela ukusetshenziswa kalula, imodeli yomdabu yezilimi eziningi, isilawuli semvume yegranular, kanye ne-SEO namathuluzi okusebenza ahambisana nokuhamba phambili.
