Uhlelo lwebhizinisi ezweni lethu lubonisa ukuqina kanye namandla abikezelwe abambalwa eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Ukwethulwa kwedatha yakamuva evela kwi-Spanish Entrepreneurship Observatory, ngokubambisana eduze nenhlangano yomphakathi i-Enisa, kwembula ukuthi isiko lokuqala amaphrojekthi akho liyaqala ukugxilisa izimpande kuzo zonke izigaba zomphakathi, kushiya izikhathi zokungaqiniseki futhi kwamukele ukuvuthwa okusobala kakhulu endaweni yebhizinisi yanamuhla.
Kuyamangaza ukuthi umbono wokungena ekuzisebenzeleni uye wathandwa kanjani umphakathi. Ngokusho kokuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kwesimo samanje, inani labantu abazibona behola amabhizinisi abo phakathi neminyaka emithathu likhuphuke laya ku-13,8%, ukwanda ngamaphesenti angaphezu kwamabili nesigamu uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule. Lo mfutho awusiwo nje isitatimende senhloso, kodwa kunalokho uyiqiniso elibonakalayo lapho ukuzisebenza manje kuhambisana nezinketho zomsebenzi zendabuko.
Indwangu yebhizinisi ekhula ngokuqina nokulinganisela
Uma sibheka isimo esikhona, lokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-Entrepreneurial Activity Rate, okusitshela ukuthi obani abaqhuba amabhizinisi angaphansi kwezinyanga ezingamashumi amane, kufinyelele ku-7,8%. Kodwa okujabulisa ngempela lo mkhakha ukubona ukuthi izinkampani ezisunguliwe zikhule zafika ku-7,4%, okuphakamisa ukuthi amaphrojekthi awagcini nje ngokuqala ngamandla kodwa futhi ayakwazi ukusinda ekuqaleni okunzima njalo futhi azinze unomphela emakethe kazwelonke.
Ngokuphathelene nokuthi ubani ongemuva kwale mibono, igebe libonakala lincipha ekugcineni, njengoba abesifazane nabesilisa beqala amabhizinisi cishe ngamaphesenti afanayo , okuhlukile kancane. Lokhu kulinganisela kungenye yezindaba ezinhle kakhulu zempilo yesistimu, eqiniswa kakhulu ngabantu abafudukayo. Eqinisweni, leli qembu libonisa amandla angenamkhawulo, ngenhloso yokuvula amabhizinisi aphindwe kabili kunesilinganiso sikazwelonke, okubonisa ukuthi umnikelo wabo wezomnotho uyinjini okungafanele inganakwa uma sifuna ukuqhubeka nokukhula.
Ubuchwepheshe nokuqeqeshwa njengezindlela zokushintsha
Akunakwenzeka ukukhuluma ngobungcweti namuhla ngaphandle kokukhuluma ngendima ebalulekile yokwenziwa kwedijithali kanye namathuluzi amasha e-IT. Ubuhlakani bokwenziwa buhlanganiswe ngokuphelele ekuphathweni kwamabhizinisi amasha acishe abe ngu-30%, inani eliqhubeka likhula ngokushesha. Noma kunjalo, osomabhizinisi abakakhohlwa izinto ezibalulekile ezisebenzayo, ukugcina ukuhweba nge-inthanethi kanye nokugcinwa kwamafu njengesisekelo sesakhiwo sokusebenza cishe kwengxenye yamabhizinisi amasha esiwabona ethuthuka emadolobheni ethu.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubonakala sengathi ukusebenza kanzima kuyazuzisa uma kuziwa ekungeneni ezweni lebhizinisi, njengoba ukuba nemfundo yaseyunivesithi kwandisa kabili amathuba okuphumelela noma, okungenani, amathuba okuzama ngesisekelo esiqinile. Umkhakha wezinsizakalo uhlala ungumholi ongaphikiswana ngawo, ubanga u-85% wemisebenzi emisha evulekile, yize ugxile kakhulu emisha kanye nokusimama kwemvelo, into amakhasimende anamuhla ayazisa kakhulu uma kuziwa ekuthengeni.
Izinselele ezivelele kanye nokusekelwa kwezimali zomphakathi
Nakuba umbono uthembisa, awuhambi kahle, futhi kusenezithiyo eziningi ezivimbela intuthuko. ISpain iyaqhubeka nokulwa nezikhulu eziphezulu kanye nezithiyo zokuphatha ekungeneni emakethe, okuholela ekutheni kube namaphuzu abuthakathaka kancane ezinhlokweni zamabhizinisi zamazwe ngamazwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwesaba ukuthi izinto azihambi njengoba kuhleliwe kusalokhu kungumthwalo kubantu abangaphezu kwengxenye, okubonisa ukuthi kusenomsebenzi okusamele wenziwe ukuze kulungiswe ukwehluleka njengengxenye yenqubo yokufunda.
Ukuze kunqotshwe lezi zinkinga, ukwesekwa ngezimali kuye kwaba yinto ebalulekile, futhi yilapho izikhungo ezifana ne-Enisa zingena khona. Ngonyaka odlule, zisabalalise imali mboleko engaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-€86 , zisiza ama-SME nama-startup angaphezu kwama-500 ukuthi aqale ngaphandle kwesidingo seziqinisekiso zomuntu siqu ebezizogcina abasunguli bephapheme ebusuku. Lezi zindlela, kanye noMthetho Wokuqalisa, ziqinisekisa ukuthi ithalente laseSpain alihlali lilele futhi linethuba langempela lokuncintisana enkundleni yokudlala elinganayo.
Isithombe samanje sibonisa izwe elizimisele ukusungula izinto ezintsha, lapho ukubambisana phakathi kwemikhakha yomphakathi neyangasese kuthela izithelo ekudaleni uhlelo oluhlanganisa wonke umuntu noluthuthuke kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe. Nakuba kusalokhu kuhlonishwa ukwehluleka kanye nezithiyo zehhovisi, ukuhlanganiswa kwezinkampani ezisunguliwe kanye nogqozi lwamakhono amasha kuqinisekisa ukuthi injini yezomnotho yosomabhizinisi eSpain inophethiloli omningi osele.
