Ubuhlakani bokwenziwa abusaseyona isithembiso sesikhathi esizayo futhi sebuyinto eyenzeka nsuku zonke emabhizinisini nakuhulumeni. Kodwa lokhu kuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe kulethe umbuzo ongeke usahlehliswa: ubulawula kanjani ubuchwepheshe obufunda, obunqumayo, futhi obusebenza ngokuzimela okwandayo? Impendulo iqala ukuma ngezindlela ezimbili ngesikhathi esisodwa: uhlaka lokulawula lwaseYurophu, oluvele lusebenza, kanye nomzabalazo wezepolitiki phakathi kwe-United States ne-China wokuchaza imithetho yomdlalo emhlabeni jikelele.
Nakuba i-European Artificial Intelligence Regulation idinga ukuthi izinhlangano zibonise ukuhambisana nezindinganiso zokusobala, ezokuphepha, kanye nokuqapha abantu, kuye kwavela izinhlelo ezimbili emhlabeni wonke ezihlela izindlela ezihluke kakhulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iShayina ihole ukudalwa kwe-World Organisation for Cooperation in Artificial Intelligence (WAICO), enendlunkulu yayo eShanghai futhi ekuqaleni isekelwa amazwe angu-29. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-United States yethule i-Pax Silica, inhlangano ekhawulelwe kubalingani ababhekwa "abathembekile" abafuna ukulawula lonke uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwe-AI, kusukela kumaminerali abalulekile kuya kumamodeli ayisisekelo.
Umthetho waseYurophu njengendawo yokuqala
Ukuqaliswa koMthethonqubo we-AI waseYurophu kulethe ushintsho olufana nolwebhodi labaqondisi. Ukuhlola amaphrojekthi okuhlola akusanele; izinkampani kumele zihlanganise ukuphathwa kwe-AI emisebenzini yazo yansuku zonke , zabelane ngemithwalo yemfanelo, zibhale phansi izinqumo, futhi zimise izilawuli ezilingana nengozi yokusetshenziswa ngakunye. Lokhu kubonakala kokubili embikweni owethulwe yi-AI Governance for Humanity Lab ye-UN kanye neziqondiso zendinganiso ye-ISO/IEC 42001, esiza ukuhumusha izimiso zomthetho zibe izinqubo zebhizinisi eziqondile.
Isihluthulelo sisekushintsheni kusukela ekumemezelweni kwenhloso kuya ezinhlelweni zokuphatha zangempela. Akukhona nje ukuthobela imithetho, kodwa kumayelana nokukwazi ukukhombisa ukuthobela imithetho kubalawuli, amaklayenti, kanye nabalingani. Kulokhu, ulwazi lwezinhlangano zaseSpain ezifana neDigitalES, ezahlanganyela ekubhalweni kombiko weZizwe Ezihlangene, lubonisa ukuthi imboni yezobuchwepheshe yaseYurophu isivele inikela ngombono wayo wokuthi ingasetshenziswa kanjani ukuphatha ngendlela efanele.
Umzabalazo womhlaba wonke: I-WAICO ngokumelene ne-Pax Silica
Nakuba iYurophu ihlanganisa imodeli yayo yokulawula futhi ixoxa ngekusasa le-Europe yedijithali , indawo yamazwe ngamazwe ihlukene yaba ama-bloc amabili amakhulu. I-World Artificial Intelligence Conference (WAIC), eyayibanjelwe eShanghai ngoJulayi 2026, yayiyindawo eyakhethwa yiShayina ukwethula i-WAICO, inhlangano ehlanganisa ohulumeni eyavezwa njengenkundla evulekele wonke amazwe, egxile kakhulu eNingizimu Yomhlaba. Enkulumweni yakhe, uMongameli uXi Jinping wasekela isidingo sokuphatha okusekelwe ekuvulelekeni, emthonjeni ovulekile, kanye nezinzuzo ezabiwe , futhi wamemezela izinhlelo zokuqeqesha abantu abangu-5.000 abavela emazweni asathuthuka eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo.
Ukuphendula lesi siphakamiso samazwe amaningi, i-United States ikhuthaze i-Pax Silica, isinyathelo esihlanganisa amazwe ahlangene azungeze izintambo zokuhlinzeka "ezithembekile". I-Pax Silica inika umlingani ngamunye indima ethile ochungechungeni lwenani le-AI , kusukela ekumbiweni kwe-lithium nethusi kuya ekukhiqizweni kwe-semiconductor okuthuthukisiwe. Ngaphansi kukaNobhala Wezwe uJacob Helberg ubize ukuphishekela ubukhosi bedijithali ngamazwe ngokuthi "kuyinto ebuyela emuva," esikhundleni salokho ekhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa okusebenzayo ngaphansi kobuholi base-US.
Izingozi ezihlanganyelwe kanye nesidingo sokuqapha
Naphezu kokungafani kwazo, kokubili indlela yaseYurophu kanye nezinhlelo zomhlaba wonke ziyavumelana ngephuzu elilodwa: izinhlelo ze-AI ezizimele ngokwengeziwe zidinga izindlela zokulawula ezidlula izitifiketi zangaphambilini . Umbiko weZizwe Ezihlangene ugcizelela ukuthi ukuqapha kumele kuqhubeke futhi kuhambisane nezinga lokuzimela kohlelo ngalunye, kuhlukaniswe phakathi kwezenzo eziguqukayo kanye nalezo ezingaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Ukuphepha kwe-inthanethi, amandla okusetshenziswa okunonya kwe-AI, kanye nekhono lamamodeli okwenza imisebenzi ngaphandle kokungenelela komuntu ngokushesha kuyizingozi ezithinta abalawuli kanye nezinkampani.
Kulesi simo, isiphakamiso sokudala umzimba wamazwe ngamazwe wokuhlola ngokuzimele amamodeli athuthukile kakhulu, okwethulwe yinhloko ye-Google DeepMind, sivele ezinkundleni ezahlukene. Umqondo wokufaka izinhlelo ezisezingeni eliphezulu ekuhlolweni kwangaphandle ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa uya ngokuya uthandwa, yize ukusetshenziswa kwawo kuncike entandweni yezepolitiki kanye nekhono lokuxhumanisa abathintekayo bomphakathi nabazimele.
Indima yezinkampani kanye nokwethenjwa njengempahla
Ukuphathwa kwe-AI akuyona nje indaba yezifundazwe nezinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe. Yizinkampani ezisebenzisa ngempela izimiso zokucaca, ukuchaza, kanye nokuphathwa kwezingozi . Konke ukusetshenziswa, yonke indlela entsha yokusetshenziswa, kukhiqiza ulwazi oluvumela ukuhluzwa kwamamodeli okuphatha. Indinganiso ye-ISO 42001 isibe ithuluzi elibalulekile lezinhlangano ukukhombisa ukuthobela kwazo izidingo zoMthethonqubo waseYurophu futhi, ngesikhathi esifanayo, zakhe ukwethembana emakethe.
Ukwethembana, ngokunembile, kuvela njengento ehlukanisayo ngempela. Ngeke kube yizinkampani ezisebenzisa i-AI eningi eziwinayo, kodwa yizo ezibonisa ukuthi ziyisebenzisa ngokuzibophezela, ngokusobala, nangokuphephile . Endaweni lapho ubuchwepheshe bufinyeleleka khona ngokwengeziwe, ikhono lokuphendula kumakhasimende, abasebenzi, kanye nabalawuli yilona elenza umehluko.
Ngakho-ke ukuphathwa kobuhlakani bokwenziwa kuqhubekela phambili ngezindlela eziningi: ngokwemithetho, ngokwezombusazwe kanye nangokwebhizinisi. Ukuqala kokusebenza koMthethonqubo waseYurophu kubeke izinga eliphezulu, kodwa impikiswano yomhlaba wonke isavulekile. Ngenkathi iShayina ne-United States bencintisana ukusungula izikhungo nezindinganiso zesikhathi esizayo, iYurophu izibophezele kumodeli esekelwe engcupheni nasekuqondisweni kwabantu. Umbuzo awusekho ukuthi ngabe i-AI izobuswa yini, kodwa ukuthi ubani ozoyibusa futhi ngaphansi kwamuphi umthetho. Impendulo, uma kubhekwa izehlakalo zaleli hlobo, ibhalwa ngezilimi eziningana ngasikhathi sinye.