I-Telegram, ezigqaja ngokuba uhlelo lokusebenza lokuthumela imiyalezo olugxile kubumfihlo, ibandakanyeke empikiswaneni ngenxa yobuthakathaka ekuphatheni kwayo izixhumanisi ezithile ze-proxy ezingadalula amakheli e-IP abasebenzisi ngokuchofoza okukodwa. Abacwaningi abaningana bezokuphepha kwe-cyber babonise ukuthi ukuvula nje isixhumanisi sangaphakathi esishintshiwe kwanele ukwenza idivayisi isungule uxhumano olungafuneki neseva yangaphandle.
Inkinga ayikho kakhulu kubuchwepheshe be-proxy uqobo kodwa endleleni obusetshenziswa ngayo. Abenzi bobubi bafihla izixhumanisi ezikhethekile zohlobo lwe-proxy ngaphansi kwezizinda ze-t.me ezibonakala zingenangozi , ukuze umsebenzisi akholelwe ukuthi umane uvula igama lomsebenzisi noma isixhumanisi sangaphakathi, kuyilapho empeleni bedalula idatha yokuxhumeka ebucayi engaqoqwa abantu besithathu.
Indlela izixhumanisi ze-proxy ezisebenza ngayo ku-Telegram nokuthi kungani zisetshenziswa
I-Telegram isebenzisa izixhumanisi ezifana ne-t.me/proxy?… ukuze ilungiselele ngokushesha ama-proxies e-MTProto kumakhasimende asemthethweni epulatifomu. Lawa ma-URL akhethekile avumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bangeze iseva ye-proxy ngokuthepha kanye, ngaphandle kokufaka ngesandla ikheli leseva, i-port, noma ukhiye oyimfihlo. Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nendlela ipulatifomu esebenza ngayo, bheka umhlahlandlela wethu we-Telegram.
Lolu hlelo lwenzelwe ukwenza kube lula ukufinyelela ku-Telegram ezimweni lapho kukhona khona ukuvinjelwa kwe-inthanethi noma ukuvalwa . Ama-proxies avumela abasebenzisi ukuthi badlule imikhawulo yendawo futhi bafihle ingxenye yendawo yabo yangempela , into ehlonishwa kakhulu yizishoshovu, izintatheli, amaqembu emazweni anokuqapha okukhulu, futhi, ngokuvamile, yilabo abafuna ukungaziwa okukhulu ku-inthanethi.
Ngokuvamile, lezi zixhumanisi ze-proxy zabelwana ngazo ngokucacile, zisho ngokusobala ukuthi i-URL ihloselwe ukumisa iseva yomlamuleli. Uma isici sisetshenziswa ngokusemthethweni, umsebenzisi uyazi ukuthi wengeza i-proxy futhi anganquma ukuthi ukuxhuma kuleyo seva ethile kuyazuzisa yini ukuvikela ukuxhumana kwakhe kangcono.
Kodwa-ke, isici esifanayo esenza kube lula ukusetshenziswa kwama-proxies manje sisetshenziswa kabi kumsebenzisi. Abacwaningi bathole ukuthi izigebengu zifihla lezi zixhumanisi njengamagama abasebenzisi alula noma izixhumanisi ezijwayelekile zangaphakathi zeTelegram , ngakho azivusi ukusola futhi ukuchofoza kwenzeka cishe ngokuzenzakalelayo.
Ngokusho kwewebhusayithi yezobuchwepheshe i-Bleeping Computer, isihluthulelo senkinga siseqinisweni lokuthi iklayenti le-Telegram ku-Android naku-iOS lenza uxhumano lokuhlola oluzenzakalelayo lapho kuvulwa olunye lwalezi zixhumanisi ze-proxy . Lolu xhumano lokuhlola luqaliswa ngisho nangaphambi kokuba umsebenzisi aqinisekise ukuthi uyafuna yini ukwengeza i-proxy kuzilungiselelo zakhe, okuvula umnyango wokuvuza kwekheli le-IP.
Iyiphi ingozi ekhona lapho ikheli le-IP livuza?
Ikheli le-IP liyingcezu yedatha yobuchwepheshe, uma uyibuka ekuqaleni, engase ibonakale ingenangozi, kodwa ezandleni ezingalungile, iveza ulwazi oluningi. Ngokuphoqa uxhumano oluqondile kusuka kudivayisi yeselula kuya kuseva ekude, abahlaseli bangaqopha ikheli langempela le-IP lomsebenzisi , noma ngabe umsebenzisi ukholelwa ukuthi bavikelwe ezinye izendlalelo zobumfihlo.
Ngalelo kheli le-IP, umenzi wobubi angaqagela indawo eseduze yomsebenzisi , ezimweni eziningi ngokunemba okwanele ukukhomba idolobha noma isifunda esithile. Lokhu, kuhlanganiswe neminye imininingwane, kuvumela ukudalwa kwamaphrofayili omsebenzi, izikhathi zokuxhuma, kanye namaphethini okuziphatha angasetshenziswa ngezinjongo zezentengiselwano, ukuqapha, noma ngisho nokuhlukumeza.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudalula ikheli langempela le-IP kuvula ithuba lokuhlaselwa okuqondiwe kudivayisi noma kunethiwekhi yesisulu . Kuye ngokucushwa kwe-router kanye nehadiwe, umhlaseli angazama ukuskena ama-port, asebenzise ubuthakathaka, noma aqalise ukuhlaselwa kwe-distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) ngokumelene nomuntu othile.
Abacwaningi abahlaziye lokhu kuhlukunyezwa baveza ukuthi, ezimweni eziningi, labo abathintekile babecabanga ukuthi bamane basebenzisa isixhumanisi seTelegram esijwayelekile , bengazi ukuthi baqala ukuxhumana neseva yangaphandle elawulwa yiqembu lesithathu. Lokhu kungalingani kolwazi yikho kanye okwenza lokhu okutholakele kube yinto ekhathazayo ngokombono wobumfihlo.
Ukusetshenziswa ngasese kwalezi zixhumanisi kungasetshenziswa futhi ukukhiqiza amaphrofayili anemininingwane abasebenzisi baseYurophu noma baseSpain abahlanganyela eziteshini zomphakathi, amaqembu anezihloko, noma imiphakathi ebucayi. Uma umhlaseli ekwazi ukukhohlisa amalungu eqembu elithile ukuthi achofoze isixhumanisi esishintshiwe, angagcina enohlu lwamakheli e-IP ahlotshaniswa nalelo qembu, kanye nemiphumela lokhu okungaba nayo ezimweni zezepolitiki noma zezishoshovu.
Ubani othole inkinga futhi yaqinisekiswa kanjani?
Isexwayiso sokuqala somphakathi mayelana nalokhu kuhlukunyezwa sivela esiteshini seTelegram chekist42 , esabonisa ukuthi kungenzeka kanjani ukusebenzisa indlela iklayenti eliphatha ngayo izixhumanisi ze-proxy kuma-log IP ngaphandle kwemvume ecacile. Kusukela lapho, okutholakele kwaqinisekiswa ochwepheshe abahlukahlukene bezokuphepha kwe-inthanethi , okuhlanganisa nabacwaningi abaziwa ngokuthi i-GangExposed R kanye ne -0x6rss.
Iwebhusayithi i-Bleeping Computer ibike futhi yandisa uphenyo, iqinisekisa ukuthi inkinga ithinte kokubili izinguqulo ze-Telegram ze-Android ne-iOS . Kuzo zombili izinhlelo, indlela yokuhlola uxhumano lwe-proxy isebenza ngendlela efanayo, ishiya izigidi zabasebenzisi eYurophu nasemhlabeni jikelele besengozini.
Ukusabalala kwalokhu kusengozini akukhawulelwanga emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe; izinhlangano zezindaba zaseYurophu kanye nezindawo zezindaba nazo ziqoqe le ndaba , ziqokomisa umthelela ongaba khona kubumfihlo bomsebenzisi esifundeni. Kuhlelo lokusebenza oludumile kangaka eSpain nakwamanye amazwe e-EU, iqiniso lokuthi amakheli e-IP angavuza ngaphandle kwesixwayiso esicacile libhekwa njengento ekhathazayo kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke i-Telegram izithole isematheni, njengoba uhlelo lokusebenza luvame ukukhuthazwa njengendlela ephephile kwezinye izinkundla zemiyalezo. Ukwembulwa kokuthi isixhumanisi esifihliwe singadalula ikheli langempela le-IP lomsebenzisi kungqubuzana nesithombe sobumfihlo obuthuthukisiwe obuhlakulelwe yinkampani eminyakeni yamuva.
Kulesi simo, ochwepheshe abahlukahlukene bezokuphepha kwe-inthanethi bagcizelele ukuthi lokhu akuyona ukuhlasela okukhulu okuzenzakalelayo, kodwa kuyindlela eqondiwe edinga umsebenzisi ukuthi achofoze kusixhumanisi esiklanyelwe ngqo. Noma kunjalo, amathuba okusetshenziswa kabi enza le nkinga ibaluleke kakhulu kunoma ubani osebenzisa i-Telegram nsuku zonke.
Impendulo esemthethweni yeTelegram kanye nokuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza
Ephendula imibuzo evela kwabezindaba njengeBleeping Computer, iTelegram ivumile ukuthi ikhona inkinga futhi yathembisa ukwenza izinguquko ukunciphisa ingozi yokuchayeka kwi-IP ngalezi zixhumanisi ze-proxy. Okhulumela inkampani uthe "bazofaka izixwayiso kuzixhumanisi ze-proxy" ukuze abasebenzisi bazi ukuthi kwenzekani lapho bexhumana nabo.
Ngokusho kwesimemezelo, umqondo uwukuthi uma esinye salezi zixhumanisi sichofozwa, uhlelo lokusebenza luzobonisa umlayezo owazisa umsebenzisi ngokucacile ukuthi uzozama ukuxhuma nge-proxy nokuthi lesi senzo singase sembule ikheli lakhe le-IP kuseva yendawo. Lesi sinyathelo esengeziwe singasiza ekunciphiseni ukusetshenziswa kabi, njengoba umsebenzisi angakhansela ukusebenza uma esola ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle.
Kodwa-ke, i-Telegram ayikakanikezi usuku oluqondile lokuqaliswa kwalezi zixwayiso , futhi ayikacacisi ukuthi izoletha yini izinguquko ezengeziwe endleleni ukuhlolwa kokuxhumeka okuzenzakalelayo okwenziwa ngayo. Lokhu kuntuleka kwesikhathi kudale ukukhathazeka phakathi kwabasebenzisi abakhathazeke kakhulu ngobumfihlo babo, ikakhulukazi eYurophu, lapho imithetho yokuvikela idatha iqine khona.
Le nkampani iphinde yaveza ukuthi ukuchayeka kwi-IP lapho uxhuma kuseva ekude akuyona inkinga etholakala kwiTelegram kuphela . Empeleni, noma iyiphi isevisi ecela idivayisi ukuthi ivule uxhumano oluqondile kuseva yangaphandle ingabona futhi iqophe lelo kheli; lokhu kwenzeka ngisho nakwamanye amapulatifomu emiyalezo njenge- X Chat.
Nakuba lokhu kuyiqiniso, ochwepheshe bakhomba ukuthi, kulokhu, okungavamile kulele eqinisweni lokuthi ukuxhumana kwenzeka ngemuva njengengxenye yokuhlolwa okuzenzakalelayo , hhayi njengomphumela ocacile wesenzo somsebenzisi oqaphile. Ngakho-ke, bagcizelela ukuthi kubalulekile ukuqinisa ukucaca nokunikeza abasebenzisi ukulawula okwengeziwe ngokuthi lolu hlobo lokuxhumana luzosungulwa nini futhi kanjani.
Abasebenzisi bangazivikela kanjani eSpain naseYurophu?
Nakuba i-Telegram ilungisa ukuziphatha kwayo, abasebenzisi bangathatha izinyathelo eziningana zokunciphisa ubungozi. Okokuqala nokuyisisekelo ukusebenzisa ukuqapha okukhulu lapho uchofoza izixhumanisi ezitholwe ngezingxoxo, iziteshi, noma amaqembu , ikakhulukazi uma zivela emithonjeni engaziwa noma ama-akhawunti asanda kuvela engxoxweni.
Kubalulekile ukuhlola ngokucophelela isakhiwo se-URL ngaphambi kokusivula. Nakuba abahlaseli bangase bazame ukusifihla, izixhumanisi ze-proxy ezisemthethweni zivame ukulandela iphethini ethi t.me/proxy?… kanye namapharamitha engeziwe . Uma kukhona okukusixhumanisi okubonakala kungavamile, kukude kakhulu, noma kuhlotshaniswa nomsebenzisi noma isiteshi esingakhuthazi ukuzethemba, kungcono ukukushiya wedwa, futhi uma ungabaza, buza umthumeli.
Esinye isincomo kulabo abakhathazekile kakhulu ngobumfihlo, okuhlanganisa nekheli labo le-IP, ukusebenzisa i-VPN ethembekile noma ukuxhuma ngenethiwekhi engavezi ngqo uxhumano lwabo lwasekhaya . Ngale ndlela, noma ngabe uxhumano lokuhlola kwi-proxy luvela, ikheli le-IP elibonwa yiseva ekude lizoba ele-VPN noma inethiwekhi yomlamuleli, hhayi elomsebenzisi wokugcina.
Esimweni saseYurophu, lapho kukhona ukuzwela okwandayo ekuvikelweni kwedatha, kuyalulekwa futhi ukuthi ubuyekeze njalo izilungiselelo zobumfihlo zeTelegram futhi unciphise ukuvezwa kweminye imininingwane yomuntu siqu, njengesithombe sephrofayela noma ulwazi lwe-akhawunti, kuphela koxhumana nabo abathembekile.
Kubasebenzisi abathuthukile kanye nochwepheshe bezokuphepha kwe-inthanethi, ukuqapha ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi yedivayisi lapho kusolwa isixhumanisi kungaba usizo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lokusebenza luxhuma kuliphi ikheli ngempela. Lokhu kuvumela ukutholakala kokuziphatha okungavamile kanye nokubhalwa okungcono kokusetshenziswa kabi okungenzeka.
Ihlazo lesixhumanisi se-Telegram proxy lisebenza njengesikhumbuzo sokuthi ngisho nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezigxile kubumfihlo zingaba nobuthakathaka uma izici ezithile zingakhulunywa ngokucacile noma zenziwe ngokuzenzakalela ngokweqile. Inhlanganisela yocwaningo oluzimele, impendulo yenkampani, kanye nabasebenzisi abaqaphile kakhulu kuzoba yisihluthulelo sokunciphisa umthelela wezigameko ezinjalo empilweni yedijithali yansuku zonke.
