Enkabeni yedolobha laseGalicia, umasipala omncane esifundazweni sase-Ourense ufeze lokho okwakubonakala kungenakwenzeka eminyakeni eyishumi edlule: ukuguqula ukwehla kwenani labantu okuthusayo futhi waba yisilinganiso saseYurophu sokuqamba izinto ezintsha. ISan Xoán de Río, enezakhamuzi ezingaphezu kuka-500 ezibhalisiwe, isuke ekulahlekelweni izakhamuzi eziningi minyaka yonke yaya ekuqashelweni yiKhomishini yaseYurophu njengeDolobhana Lokuqala eSpain, igama eliqinisekisa ikhono layo lokuheha osomabhizinisi nokuthuthukisa umnotho wendawo.
Indlela ayizange ibe lula. Ngesikhathi uXosé Miguel Pérez Blecua, unjiniyela wezokuxhumana, ethatha izintambo njengomeya ngo-2019, umasipala wawubhekene nokuncipha kwenani labantu okungenakunqandeka. Ngawo-80, wawunezakhamuzi ezingaphezu kuka-3.000; lapho ethatha izintambo, kwakusele cishe abantu abangu-505 . Umeya omusha, owaqala ehola iqembu elizimele wabe esengaphansi kwefulegi le-People's Party, wayecacile ukuthi ikhambi alikho ekulindeni izipho, kodwa ekwakheni iphrojekthi ezokwenza ukuhlala ezindaweni zasemakhaya kukhange.
Izindlu njengesinyathelo sokuqala
Indawo yokuqala okukhulunywa ngayo kwakuyizindlu. ISan Xoán de Río ijoyine iphrojekthi ye-RE-HABITA RURAL LAB, uhlelo oluhlanganisa omasipala abayisishiyagalolunye e-Ourense abathole ama-€260.941 ku-Ministry for Ecological Transition kanye ne-Demographic Challenge. Amaqembu obuchwepheshe avakashele ama-parish, ethatha izithombe zendlu ngayinye ukuze adale imephu yezakhiwo ezingasetshenziswa . Lolu hlu lwempahla lusebenza njengesisekelo sechibi lokuqasha izindlu zomphakathi, lubeka phambili abesifazane, ngokusekelwe empikiswaneni yokuthi yibona abaqinisa umphakathi futhi bathuthukise umnotho wendawo.
Imiphumela yaba ngokushesha. NgoJuni 2026, uhlelo lwase luthole izicelo ezingaphezu kuka-170 zeseluleko kuwo wonke omasipala abayisishiyagalolunye , cishe u-60% wemibuzo ehlobene nezibonelelo kanye nokuxhaswa ngezimali kwamaphrojekthi okwakha. Abathuthukisi balinganisela ukuthi izindlu ezingaphezu kuka-40% esifundazweni sase-Ourense azinamuntu, okuyiphesenti eliphezulu kakhulu eSpain, ngokusho kwedatha eqoqwe yi-Infobae. Leli chibi lezindlu ezingasetshenziswanga seliyizinto zokwakha lapho kwakhiwa khona isigaba esilandelayo.
isitifiketi saseYurophu
Njengoba lowo msebenzi oyisisekelo uqhubeka, umasipala wathatha isinyathelo esaqala ukungabaza: waba yi-Startup Village eqinisekiswe yiKhomishini yaseYurophu. ISan Xoán de Río yayiyidolobha lokuqala laseSpain ukuthola lo mklomelo, kanye nomasipala oseduze we-A Pobra de Trives , ngaphansi kwegama elithi Startup Village of Val do Navea. “Lapho sikwenza, abantu abaningi bathi akunamsebenzi,” kuvuma uPérez Blecua esitatimendeni esibikwe yiSomos Comarca.
Lo msebenzi wawuhilela ukuhlela lonke ulwazi olutholakalayo mayelana nengqalasizinda, ukumbozwa kwenethiwekhi, umhlaba, kanye nezinsizakalo ukuze noma yimuphi umtshali-zimali noma usomabhizinisi akwazi ukuhlola izimo zokusungula imisebenzi ngaphandle kwezinyanga eziningi zamaphepha . Ngokusho kwemeya, ukwenziwa kwedijithali kokuhlela komasipala kwakuyisici esibalulekile. Abatshalizimali badinga ukuqiniseka ngokomthetho kanye nekhono lokuhlola amathuba ngaphandle kobushiqela bendabuko, futhi yilokho kanye okunikezwa yilo masipala wase-Ourense manje.
I-Rural Valley, ikhampasi ezokwakha ikusasa
Izithelo zaleso sitifiketi zifike ngephrojekthi yeRural Valley, ikhampasi yokuhlala ezokwakhiwa ehostela langaphambili le-Os Biocos. Uhlelo luhlanganisa ukulungiswa kwesakhiwo kanye nokwakhiwa kwama-cabins angu-50, angu-30 awo azoba ngawabasunguli bezinkampani ezintsha abahlala izinyanga ezingu-12 ; amanye angu-10 azokwamukela ukuhlala isikhashana kosomabhizinisi nabatshalizimali; kanti amanye angu-10 azoba ngawabasebenzi bekhampasi.
Imali yanyanga zonke izoba yi-€350 futhi izofaka indawo yokuhlala, ukudla, uxhumano lwe-gigabit fiber optic, ukuqeqesha, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-prototype, ama-hackathon, kanye nemihlangano nabatshalizimali . Lolu hlelo luphinde lunikeze izifundi kulabo abangakwazi ukukhokhela lezi zindleko, njengoba kunjalo kwezinye izingqungquthela zosomabhizinisi ezihlose ukukhulisa intuthuko yasemakhaya , kuchaza uTalía Jiménez, umphathi wephrojekthi. Iqembu lokuqala lihlelelwe ukuqala ngoMashi 2027, ngenhloso yokuhlanganisa osomabhizinisi abangu-120 ngonyaka.
Kodwa iRural Valley ngeke ibe yibhamuza elingaxhunyiwe edolobheni. Lolu hlelo luhlanganisa uhlelo lwamahora okusebenzela umphakathi lapho osomabhizinisi bezosebenzisana khona emisebenzini nezakhamuzi zendawo , beqinisekisa ukuthi ikhampasi ihlanganiswe nokuphila kwedolobha futhi ayisebenzi njengendawo ehlukanisiwe. Umqondo uwukuthi ukugcwala kwamathalente angaphandle kuzozuzisa nomphakathi wendawo.
IBrussels ivuza isici somphakathi
Ukuzibophezela kweSan Xoán de Río akukaze kuqashelwe yizikhungo zaseYurophu. Ohlwini olwanyatheliswa yiKhomishini yaseYurophu ngo-Ephreli 21, umasipala uvele phakathi kwabawine imiklomelo ye-European Capitals of Inclusion and Diversity Awards , esigabeni seziphathimandla zendawo ezinabantu abangaphansi kuka-50.000, bethatha indondo yethusi ohlelweni lwesihlanu. Ngonyaka odlule, wawufinyelele kowamanqamu womklomelo othize wezindlu ezibandakanya bonke.
Ukuqashelwa kusekelwe ezinsikeni ezintathu eziyinhloko: uhlelo lwe-'Mulleres de Río', olunika amandla abesifazane asebekhulile ekubuseni kwendawo; izimemezelo zezikhungo ngamalungelo e-LGBTIQ+; kanye ne-'Rural SocialTech,' egxile kumakhono edijithali kanye nomnotho wezenhlalo , exhunywe ohlelweni lwe-telegerontology oluvela kokuhlangenwe nakho komuntu siqu kukameya, njengoba ugogo wakhe kwadingeka ashiye idolobhana lakubo ngenxa yokuntuleka kokunakekelwa. I-San Xoán de Río yabela u-20% wesabelomali sayo sonyaka sikamasipala ezinqubweni zokubandakanya, iphesenti elingaphezu kwesilinganiso.
Imodeli ephindaphindekayo yasemaphandleni aseSpain
Indaba yeSan Xoán de Río ifika ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kabusha kwegama elithi 'Empty Spain'. Amazwi avela emikhakheni yezokuvakasha kanye nokumaketha kwendawo aqala ukungabaza leli lebula ngoba, bathi, ligcina lakha iqiniso 'lokungabi nalutho' elivimbela ukutshalwa kwezimali , njengoba umbiko weHosteltur ukhomba. Lokho okuboniswa yilo masipala e-Ourense ukuthi, ngephothifoliyo yezindlu, ukuxhumana, kanye nendaba yephrojekthi echazwe kahle, amadolobhana angaguquka esuka ekubeni 'angenalutho' abe abamukeli be-net bosomabhizinisi.
Lesi sinyathelo sivuse isithakazelo kwezinye izindawo zasemaphandleni eSpain. Ingxoxo ehleliwe yiPromarca ngoFebhuwari 2026 yahlanganisa uMahou San Miguel, uDeoleo, noDanone ukuze bachaze ukuthi badala kanjani imisebenzi ezindaweni zasemaphandleni , kanti inkampani yezimonyo iCISTUS, evela ePeralta de Alcofea (Huesca), ihlela ukuvula isitolo sangempela kanye nelebhu edolobheni layo ngemuva kokuqashelwa njengoMkhiqizo Wezimonyo Zemvelo WaseSpain Ohamba Phambili. Lezi yizibonakaliso zokuthi ithalente lingagxila kude namadolobha amakhulu uma kunengqalasizinda encane kanye nokusekelwa kwezikhungo.
UMeya waseSan Xoán de Río, ophinde abe yisekela lesifundazwe le-Demographic Challenge, ugcizelela ukuthi isihluthulelo sisekuhlinzekeni ngamathuba kulabo asebehlala ezindaweni zasemakhaya kanye nokuheha labo abafuna impilo esezingeni eliphezulu . “Akukho dolobha elingenalo ikusasa, ngaphandle kwephrojekthi,” uqinisekisa. Futhi iphrojekthi yakhe, yokuguqula umasipala onezakhamuzi eziyizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amahlanu ube yindawo ekhangayo kosomabhizinisi abavela emhlabeni wonke, isivele iveza imiphumela: izimvume zokwakha zandile, abanikazi bezindlu ezizuzwe njengefa banquma ukuzivuselela, futhi irejista kamasipala iyeke ukwehla.
Kusesekude kakhulu, futhi imeya uqobo iyavuma ukuthi ushintsho lwesakhiwo luzothatha iminyaka eyi-10 kuya kweyi-15. Kodwa lokho okwenziwa yiSan Xoán de Río kubonisa ukuthi umasipala omncane ungaba uphawu lwaseYurophu lokusungula izinto ezintsha zasemakhaya , ushintshe indlela obhekwa ngayo futhi uhehe isizukulwane esisha sezakhamuzi ezifuna okungaphezu kwedolobha elikhulu.