Umdali we -ChatGPT wenze isinyathelo esinesibindi emjahweni womhlaba wonke wobuhlakani bokwenziwa ngokuvala omunye wemijikelezo emikhulu yokuxhaswa ngezimali yangasese emlandweni. Lo mjikelezo, oholwa yi- Amazon , i-Nvidia , kanye ne -SoftBank , uqinisa isikhundla se-OpenAI njengomdlali obalulekile endaweni entsha yobuchwepheshe bamazwe ngamazwe.
Kulesi sigaba esisha, inkampani eholwa nguSam Altman ayigcini nje ngokuqoqa imali entsha kodwa futhi ivikela ingqalasizinda, amafu, kanye nezivumelwano ze-chip ezizobumba intuthuko ye-AI ethuthukisiwe eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo. EYurophu naseSpain, lapho impikiswano igxile khona kumthethonqubo, ukuvikelwa kwedatha, kanye nobukhosi bedijithali, lesi sinyathelo sigcizelela izinga amandla e-AI agxila ngalo ezandleni zamaqembu ambalwa anekhono lokutshala imali okunzima ukuliphinda ngale kwe-Atlantic.
Umjikelezo wokuxhaswa ngemali obiza amaRandi ayizigidigidi eziyi-110.000 obhala kabusha izibalo ze-AI
I-OpenAI iqoqe amaRandi ayizigidigidi eziyi-110.000 (cishe ama-€93.175 billion) emzuliswaneni wokuxhasa ngemali omenyezelwe ngoLwesihlanu, okwenza inani layo langaphambi kwemali libe cishe amaRandi ayizigidigidi eziyi-730.000 futhi lakhuphukela cishe kumaRandi ayizigidigidi eziyi-840.000 ngemva kokufaka izimali ezintsha. Lesi sibalo siyibeka emjikelezweni wezinkampani ezinkulu ezithengiswa esidlangalaleni eWall Street, naphezu kokuba yinkampani ephethwe ngasese.
Isabelo semali sicacile: amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama - 50.000 avela ku-Amazon , kuyilapho iNvidia neSoftBank ngamunye ethembisa amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-30.000 . Le nkampani ishiye umnyango uvulekele abanye abatshalizimali bezezimali ukuthi bajoyine ezigabeni zakamuva, okungase kwandise kakhulu inani eliqoqiwe.
Lesi sivumelwano simelela cishe ukuphindwe kathathu kwezigidigidi ezingama-40.000 zamaRandi ezaqoqwa ngoMashi 2025, lapho i-OpenAI yayilinganiselwa cishe ku- $300.000 billion . Esikhathini esingaphansi konyaka, imakethe yangasese ichaze kabusha ubukhulu ebona “njengobamukelekayo” kumpetha we-AI okhiqizayo, yandisa igebe nezimbangi ezifana ne -Anthropic , esanda kuthola uxhaso lwezigidigidi ezingama-30.000 zamaRandi ngenani lamaRandi ayizigidigidi ezingama-380.000.
Le nkampani ngokwayo iyavuma ukuthi lesi sinyathelo simayelana nemali nokulawula ingqalasizinda. Akukhona nje ukuxhasa inkampani entsha, kodwa mayelana nokuqinisekisa ukufinyelela okukhethekile kumandla ekhompyutha, ama-chip, kanye namamodeli azosekela izinsizakalo ze-AI zesizukulwane esilandelayo, okuhlanganisa nalezo ezihloselwe izinkampani zaseYurophu ezithembele kakhulu kubahlinzeki bamafu base-US okwamanje.
U-Altman uvikele obala lokhu kwanda kwemali, ethi i-AI "izosetshenziswa yonke indawo" nokuthi umhlaba udinga amandla ahlanganisiwe ekhompyutha ukuze aqhubeke nalesi sinyathelo. Umyalezo oyimfihlo uwukuthi noma ngubani ongakwazi ukukhokha uzonquma ijubane lokusungula izinto ezintsha kanye nemithetho yomdlalo.
I-Amazon ne-AWS: $50.000 billion kanye nesivumelwano sengqalasizinda seminyaka eyisishiyagalombili
Umlingani obonakala kakhulu kulo mjikelezo yi -Amazon , ezinikele ekutshaleni imali eyizigidigidi ezingama-50.000 zamaRandi ku-OpenAI. Ukutshalwa kwezimali kuzokwenziwa ngezigaba: imali yokuqala eyizigidigidi eziyi-15.000 zamaRandi kanye nemali eyengeziwe eyizigidigidi ezingama-35.000 zamaRandi kuncike ekufezeni izinhloso ezithile ezinyangeni ezizayo. Lesi sakhiwo sivumela inkampani enkulu ye-e-commerce kanye ne -cloud computing ukuthi ilungise ukutshalwa kwezimali kwayo ngokusekelwe endleleni ibhizinisi elithuthuka ngayo.
Ngale kwenhloko-dolobha, inhliziyo yesivumelwano isemafwini. I-OpenAI kanye ne -Amazon Web Services (AWS) zandise inkontileka yazo yeminyaka eminingi isuka ku- $38.000 billion yangaphambilini yaya ku- $100.000 billion esikhathini seminyaka eyisishiyagalombili. Empeleni, lokhu kusho ukuthi ingxenye enkulu yokukhula kwe-OpenAI izoncika engqalasizinda ye-AWS, iqinise isikhundla sayo ngokumelene nabanye abahlinzeki bomhlaba wonke njenge-Google Cloud.
Isivumelwano sihlanganisa ukuzibophezela kwe-OpenAI ekusebenziseni cishe ama-gigawatts amabili amandla ekhompyutha asekelwe kuma -chips e-Trainium e-Amazon , aklanyelwe ngqo imisebenzi ye-AI. Laba basebenzi, ezizukulwaneni zabo zamanje nezesikhathi esizayo (i-Trainium3 ne-Trainium4, okulindeleke ngo-2027), bahloselwe ukunciphisa izindleko nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla, into ebalulekile esimweni saseYurophu lapho izikweletu zikagesi nezidingo zesimo sezulu zibaluleke kakhulu.
Ephepheni, lobu budlelwano bubeka i-AWS njengomhlinzeki wokusatshalaliswa kwamafu okhethekile we-OpenAI Frontier , ipulatifomu yebhizinisi ephezulu yenkampani. Ezinkampanini zaseSpain naseYurophu esezisebenza kakade ku-AWS, lokhu kuhumusha ukufinyelela okuqondile kumamodeli athuthuke kakhulu e-OpenAI ngokusebenzisa ingqalasizinda yazo ekhona, yize kungaphakathi kohlaka lokuthembela kwezobuchwepheshe olubhekwa yi-EU ngokungazelele.
Phakathi kwentuthuko ehleliwe kukhona indawo yokusebenza enesimo esihle , efinyeleleka nge- Amazon Bedrock , ezokwenza kube lula ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-AI kanye nama-ejenti akwazi ukukhumbula imisebenzi yangaphambilini, ukugcina umongo isikhathi eside, kanye nokuxhumanisa amathuluzi amaningi. Lokhu kumelela ushintsho olukhulu kumamodeli "angenankumbulo" abelokhu ebusa kuze kube manje futhi angaba nomthelela oqondile emikhakheni efana nebhange, umshwalense, kanye nokuphathwa komphakathi waseYurophu, lapho ukulandelelwa kanye nokuqhubeka kwenqubo kubalulekile.
I-Nvidia iqinisa ukubusa kwayo kuma-chips anomthamo ofinyelela ku-5 GW we-OpenAI
Kanye nesivumelwano sayo ne-Amazon, i-OpenAI isiqedele ukwandiswa kokubambisana kwayo ne -Nvidia , umkhiqizi wama-chip oye waba ngomunye wabaphumelele kakhulu ekukhuleni kwe-AI. Le nkampani inikela ngamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-30.000 kulo mjikelezo wokuxhasa ngezimali futhi iqinisekisa ukufinyelela kwe-OpenAI kwingqalasizinda yekhompyutha ngezinga elingakaze libonwe ngaphambili.
Isivumelwano sihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwama -gigawatts amathathu anomthamo ozinikele wokulinganisa (ukusebenzisa amamodeli aqeqeshwe kusengaphambili) kanye nama-gigawatts amabili okuqeqesha , asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezintsha zeVera Rubin . Le pulatifomu yesizukulwane esilandelayo igcwalisa ukwakheka kweHopper kanye neBlackwell osekuvele kusebenza efwini labalingani abanjengoMicrosoft, Oracle Cloud Infrastructure (OCI), kanye neCoreWeave.
I-OpenAI igcizelela ukuthi lokhu kuhlanganiswa kwemali kanye nokufinyelela kwihadiwe kubavumela ukuthi baqeqeshe futhi basebenzise amamodeli asezingeni eliphezulu emhlabeni jikelele . Lesi sivumelwano sihambisana nalokho abanye abahlaziyi abakubize ngokuthi “umnotho ojikelezayo we-AI”: abakhiqizi be-chip kanye nabahlinzeki bamafu bafaka izigidigidi ezinkampanini zokulingisa, ezibe sezikhokha leyo mali ngokuthenga ngobuningi kwabaprosesa kanye nezinkontileka zengqalasizinda.
Esimweni saseYurophu, lapho iKhomishini kanye namazwe angamalungu esebenza khona ngamasu okuzimela kwedijithali kanye nomthamo wekhompyutha wasekhaya , kubalulekile ukuthi amandla amaningi azophehla amamodeli athuthukile ayaqhubeka nokugxiliswa ezandleni zezinkampani ezimbalwa zaseMelika. Igebe phakathi kwemizamo ye-EU yokwakha izikhungo zedatha "ezenziwe eYurophu" kanye namandla alezi zivumelwano ezizimele liya ngokuya libonakala.
Ku-Nvidia, ukuthengwa kuqinisa isikhundla sayo njengomhlinzeki obalulekile wehadiwe enika amandla i-AI yanamuhla. Futhi ku-OpenAI, kuqinisekisa ukuthi, okungenani eminyakeni embalwa ezayo, izoba nezinsiza zokusekela ukuqeqeshwa kwamamodeli esizukulwane esilandelayo, noma ngabe izidingo zamandla ziyaqhubeka nokukhula kakhulu.
I-Microsoft isalokhu iyinhloko naphezu kokungena kwabalingani abasha
Ukufika kwe-Amazon kanye nokuqiniswa kwe-Nvidia kuvuselele ukungabaza ngendima ye -Microsoft , ebilokhu ingumlingani oyinhloko we-OpenAI kuze kube manje. Zombili izinkampani ziye zazama ukuqeda noma yimuphi umbono wokungezwani futhi ziphinde zagcizelela ukuthi isivumelwano esikhona sisasebenza.
Njengoba bechazile, iMicrosoft igcina ilayisensi yayo ekhethekile yempahla yobuhlakani yamamodeli nemikhiqizo ye-OpenAI, kanye nesikhundla sayo njengomhlinzeki wefu kuphela wama-API angenabo umbuso—okungukuthi, izicelo zomuntu ngamunye ngaphandle kokugcinwa kwememori phakathi kokuxhumana. Empeleni, imibuzo eminingi eyenziwa yizinkampani nabathuthukisi ngokuhlanganiswa e-Azure izoqhubeka idlula engqalasizinda yeRedmond.
Imodeli yokwabelana ngenzuzo phakathi kwamaqembu womabili isasebenza, okuhlanganisa imali engenayo evela ekubambisaneni nabanye abahlinzeki bamafu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi, ngenkathi i-Amazon ithola indawo njengomlingani wengqalasizinda ezindaweni ezithile, iMicrosoft iyaqhubeka nokuhlanganyela ekwenzeni imali nge-OpenAI ecosystem , okubalulekile ngenxa yokuba khona kwayo okukhulu eYurophu ne-Azure kanye nesisekelo sayo samakhasimende ebhizinisi.
Esinye isici esingakathintwa yincazelo yesivumelwano sobunhloli obujwayelekile bokwenziwa (i-AGI) kanye nezinqubo zokunquma ukuthi lowo mkhawulo usufinyelelwe noma cha. I-OpenAI kanye ne-Microsoft zigcina uhlaka olufanayo lokuhlola intuthuko ezindleleni ezinamakhono afana nawabantu, impikiswano i-EU eyiqapha eduze ngenxa yemiphumela yayo yokuziphatha, yokulawula kanye neyokuphepha.
Umphumela ongokoqobo ukuthi imephu yobumbano oluzungeze i-OpenAI iba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu: iMicrosoft, i-Amazon, ne-Nvidia manje babelana ngetafula endaweni lapho wonke umuntu engumlingani futhi eyimbangi, futhi lapho izinqumo zomunye zingathinta ngqo isabelo semakethe kanye namandla okusungula izinto ezintsha kwabanye.
Abasebenzisi, imali engenayo, kanye nenselele yokuthethelela amanani adidayo
Ukufakwa kwemali kuhambisana nezibalo zebhizinisi ezibonisa ukwamukelwa okungakaze kubonwe ngaphambili. I-OpenAI ithi i-ChatGPT manje inabasebenzisi abasebenzayo abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-900 masonto onke kanye nababhalisile abakhokhelwayo abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-50 . Emkhakheni wobungcweti, inkampani ibika abasebenzisi bebhizinisi abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-9 , kuyilapho i-Codex , ithuluzi layo eliqondiswe kubathuthukisi, kubikwa ukuthi iphindwe kathathu isisekelo sayo sabasebenzisi ukuze ifinyelele abasebenzisi abasebenzayo abacishe babe yizigidi ezingu-1,6 masonto onke.
Ngokuphathelene nemali engenayo, izibalo zangaphakathi ezabiwe nabatshalizimali zikhomba ukukhula okunamandla: imali engenayo yonyaka kubikwa ukuthi isanda kudlula amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-13.000 , kanti ukubikezela kuyibeka kumaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-30.000 ngo-2026 kanye nangaphezu kwamaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-60.000 ngo-2027. Lokhu kungamathemba aqinile ahloselwe ukuthethelela inani langaphambi kwemali elingu-$730.000 billion esimweni lapho inkampani iqhubeka nokulahlekelwa okukhulu.
Abaphathi ngokwabo bayavuma ukuthi inzuzo ayiseduze. Umbono omuhle wokuhamba kwemali ushintshela ku- 2030 , ngokusetshenziswa kwemali ephezulu kakhulu ekubaleni, emakhono, nasekusetshenzisweni komkhiqizo. Eqinisweni, i-Altman ibuyekeze isilinganiso sayo kusukela ku-$1,4 trillion ezindleleni zokubala eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo kuya cishe ku-$600.000 billion, kulandela ukukhathazeka okuphakanyiswe ngabatshalizimali.
EYurophu, lapho umkhakha wezobuchwepheshe ubulokhu uqaphile kakhulu ngezilinganiso, lolu hlobo lwezibalo lubangela impikiswano mayelana nokuthi ngabe i-AI idala yini ibhamuza elisha. Ukuhambisana nesikhathi se -dot-com , lapho izinkampani eziningi zikhuphula imali engenayo kanye nezilinganiso ngezinkontileka ezijikelezayo, kuvame ukuvela ekuhlaziyweni, ikakhulukazi lapho kubhekwe izivumelwano lapho abalingani abafanayo abatshala imali ku-OpenAI nabo bethengisa ama-chip ayo, izinsizakalo zamafu, kanye nezinye izinsizakalo.
Noma kunjalo, isimo semakethe se-OpenAI kunzima ukusishaya indiva. Ezinkampanini eziningi zaseYurophu, amamodeli ayo aseyingxenye ejwayelekile yamaphrojekthi e-automation kanye ne-virtual assistant, okuchaza ukuthi kungani imali ethile itshalwa emphumeleni wenethiwekhi kanye nokwenzeka kokuthi inkampani ekugcineni izosebenza njengengqalasizinda eseduze nesistimu yomnotho wedijithali.
Ngamafuphi, lo mqhudelwano omkhulu oholwa yi- Amazon, i-Nvidia, ne-SoftBank ubeka i-OpenAI esimweni samandla esingakaze sibonwe, ngezinsizakusebenza zezimali kanye namandla ekhompyutha agcinelwe abadlali abambalwa kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele. Le nkampani ithola uphethiloli odingekayo ukuze iqhubeke nokucindezela imingcele ye-AI, ngenkathi izizungezile ngabalingani abaphethe imikhakha yamafu kanye nehadiwe. ESpain nakulo lonke elaseYurophu, lesi sinyathelo siqinisa iqiniso elingajabulisi: inguquko yobuhlakani bokwenziwa iyaqhubeka ngesivinini esibekwe yiziqhwaga ezimbalwa zaseMelika nase-Asia, futhi ikhono lokuthonya le nqubo lizoncika kakhulu ekulawulweni nasekukhonweni kokwakha ezinye izindlela zayo ezingafakwanga endimeni yesibili.