UMnyango Wezobulungiswa wase-US (i-DOJ) wenze ngokusemthethweni isidingo sawo sokuthi i-Google ithengise isiphequluli sayo sewebhu se-Chrome, iphikisana ngokuthi isiqhwaga sezobuchwepheshe sigcine ukuhlukumeza ngokweqile emakethe yokusesha ku-inthanethi. Lesi sinyathelo siphawula ingqopha-mlando ekulweni nezinqubo zokubusa umuntu oyedwa embonini yezobuchwepheshe futhi singaguqula ngokuphawulekayo isimo sedijithali somhlaba.
Umsuka wenkinga usekulawuleni kwe-Google ukufinyelela ku-inthanethi, nge-Chrome njengomunye wamasango amakhulu enjini yayo yokusesha namanye amasevisi. Ngokusho kwe-DOJ, lesi simo siqeda ukuncintisana ngokukhetha imikhiqizo yenkampani, silimaza kokubili abasebenzisi nabaqhudelana nabo abazama ukuthola indawo emakethe.
Umthelela ongaba khona wokuthengiswa kwe-Chrome
I-Chrome, eyaziwa njengesinye seziphequluli ezisetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni wonke, imele a insika eyisisekelo ku-ecosystem ye-Google. Ngokungaphezu 60% yesabelo semakethe e-United States kanye nezigidigidi zabasebenzisi bomhlaba, ukuthengiswa kwayo kungafinyelela inani elilinganiselwe lokufika Ama-dollar ayi-20.000. Leli qiniso ligcizelela ukubaluleka kwe-Chrome hhayi nje njengesiphequluli, kodwa njengethuluzi elibalulekile lokushayela ithrafikhi kweminye imikhiqizo ye-Google namasevisi.
Ukuthengisa okuhlongozwayo, esinye sezinyathelo ezinamandla kakhulu ngaphakathi kohlaka lwesivivinyo sokungathembeki, sifuna Izinga inkundla yokudlala kwezinye izinjini zokusesha njenge-Bing noma i-DuckDuckGo. Ukwengeza, i-DOJ iphakamisa imikhawulo evimbela izivumelwano zamadola ezigidi ezifana nalesi enaso ne-Apple ukuze zibe injini yokusesha ezenzakalelayo kumadivayisi we-iPhone.
Kodwa-ke, lesi sinqumo sibeka inqwaba yezingozi, ngokusho kwe-Google. Inkampani ixwayisa ngokuthi izingcezu ye-ecosystem yayo ingase ibeke engcupheni ukuphepha nobumfihlo babasebenzisi, ngaphezu kokuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obusha, okuhlanganisa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa.
I-Android, nayo ekukhanyeni
Umthelela waleli cala awukhawulelwe ku-Chrome kuphela. Isistimu yokusebenza yeselula ye-Android, esetshenziswa ama-smartphones amaningi emhlabeni jikelele, nayo iyabhekisiswa. Yize ukuthengiswa kwe-Android kungadingeki ngokusemthethweni, i-DOJ isayine ukuthi kungenzeka uma inkampani ingaqalisi ukusebenzisa. izinguquko ezinkulu emisebenzini yabo.
Ukuthengiswa okungenzeka kwe-Android kungaphazamisa kakhulu imakethe yamadivayisi eselula. Abakhiqizi, abathembele kakhulu kule sistimu yokusebenza, bangaphoqeleka ukuthi babheke ezinye izindlela, njengokwakha amasistimu abo noma ukwamukela ezinye esezivele zikhona, njenge. HarmonyOS kusuka kuHuawei. Konjiniyela bohlelo lokusebenza, noma yikuphi ukushintshwa ku-Android kungashintsha i-ecosystem yokuthuthukisa futhi kunciphise ukunikezwa kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezitholakalayo.
Impendulo ye-Google nezingxabano
Esitatimendeni esisemthethweni, u-Kent Walker, oyisikhulu sezomthetho kwa-Google, ubize iziphakamiso ze-DOJ "i-ajenda ye-radical interventionist". Ngokuka-Walker, ukuhlukanisa i-Chrome ne-Google ngeke nje kubeke amaphrojekthi abalulekile engcupheni, kodwa kuzophinde kuthinte izinkampani ezifana ne-Mozilla, isiphequluli sayo se-Firefox sincike emalini engenayo etholwa ngamadili ne-Google.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkampani yagcizelela ukuthi lesi sinyathelo singaba nomthelela omubi ebuholini base-United States emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe, ikakhulukazi ekuthuthukiseni ubuhlakani bokwenziwa. I-Google iqinisekise ukuthi izokwethula esinye isiphakamiso ngenyanga ezayo ukuze kubhekwane nokukhathazeka kwe-DOJ, ifuna ukuvikela kokubili imodeli yayo yebhizinisi kanye nokulindelwe ngabasebenzisi nabathuthukisi.
Ushintsho lomhlaba wonke emakethe yedijithali
Icala elibhekene ne-Google liyahambisana nezimo zangaphambilini, njengecala lokungathembeki elibhekene ne-Microsoft eminyakeni engaphezu kwamashumi amabili edlule. Ngaleso sikhathi, nakuba ekuqaleni kwahlongozwa ukuba kuhlukaniswe inkampani, inkantolo yokudlulisa amacala yakhetha ukwenza kanjalo izinyathelo ezinzima kancane, okuvumela iMicrosoft ukuthi igcine ubuqotho bebhizinisi layo.
E-Europe, i-Google isivele ibhekane nezijeziso ezibalulekile, okuhlanganisa nenhlawulo ye 4.340 million euro ngo-2020 ngemikhuba efanayo. Lezi zinyathelo ziphoqe inkampani ukuthi isebenzise isikrini sokukhetha kumadivayisi e-Android ukuze abasebenzisi bakwazi ukukhetha ezinye izinjini zokusesha.
Ukuthengiswa kwe-Chrome nemikhawulo ku-Android, uma kuqediwe, kungamaka ngaphambi nangemuva kumthethonqubo womhlaba jikelele wezobuchwepheshe. Abavikeli balesi sinyathelo baphikisa ukuthi kuyadingeka buyisela ukuncintisana, kuyilapho abagxeki besaba ukuthi imelela ukweqisa kokulawula okungase kuvimbe ukuqamba okusha.
Icala le-Google libonisa ukungezwani okukhona emhlabeni wedijithali okuya ngokuya kubuswa iqembu elincane leziqhwaga zobuchwepheshe. Ukuxazululwa kwaleli cala ngeke kuchaze ikusasa le-Google kuphela, kodwa kuzophinde kubeke izandulela zokuthi iziphathimandla ezilawulayo emhlabeni wonke zibhekana kanjani namandla ezinkampani ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe.