I-GDPR ku-eCommerce: Umhlahlandlela Ophelele Wesitolo Sakho Se-inthanethi

Ukufika koMthethonqubo Wokuvikela Idatha Ojwayelekile (i-GDPR) kwaphawula ushintsho olukhulu kuzo zonke izitolo eziku-inthanethi eziphatha ulwazi lomuntu siqu lwabasebenzisi. Uma unebhizinisi le-eCommerce, ngokuqinisekile uke wezwa ngalo mthethonqubo waseYurophu, kodwa kusaphakama imibuzo eminingi mayelana nokuthi uhilelani, kungani ubaluleke kangaka, nokuthi empeleni uthinta kanjani amabhizinisi e-eCommerce nsuku zonke.

Nakuba i-GDPR isisebenze iminyaka eminingana, iqiniso liwukuthi izitolo eziningi zisazama ukuzivumelanisa nezinhlelo zazo kanye nezinqubo. Usongo lwezijeziso kanye nokwesaba ukungalandeli imithetho kuqhuba amabhizinisi amaningi ukuba afune ulwazi olucacile nolusesikhathini, ngaleyo ndlela agweme izinhlawulo ezingabekwa yi-Spanish Data Protection Agency (AEPD). Uma ufuna ukwazi konke okubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isitolo sakho esiku-inthanethi siphephile futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakha ukwethembana namakhasimende akho, qhubeka ufunda ngoba sizochaza konke ngokuningiliziwe nangolimi olulula.

Iyini i-GDPR futhi kungani ithinta i-eCommerce kangaka?

I- GDPR umthethonqubo wokuvikelwa kwedatha we-European Union olawula indlela idatha yomuntu siqu yanoma yimuphi umsebenzisi ohlala e-EU okumele iphathwe, igcinwe, futhi icutshungulwe ngayo. Kusukela ngoMeyi 25, 2018, zonke izinkampani ezisingatha idatha yezakhamuzi zaseYurophu ziye zadingeka ukuthi zihambisane nezidingo zayo. Lokhu kuthinta ngqo noma yisiphi isitolo esiku-inthanethi , kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sise-Europe noma sithengisa imikhiqizo noma izinsizakalo kubahlali be-EU.

Lolu hlaka lomthetho luphinde luqinise ukubaluleka kokuvikela ubumfihlo nokuphepha kwedatha, okuthinta ngokuqondile ukwethenjwa kwamakhasimende kanye nesithunzi sebhizinisi.

Yiziphi izitolo eziku-inthanethi i-GDPR esebenza kuzo?

I-GDPR inobubanzi obubanzi. Noma yisiphi isitolo esiku-inthanethi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi sikuphi, kumele sihambisane naso uma sicubungula idatha yabantu abahlala e-European Union . Lokhu kufaka phakathi amabhizinisi e-e-commerce anehhovisi elibonakalayo e-EU kanye nalawo angaphandle kwe-EU athengisela amakhasimende aseYurophu.

Ngakho-ke, uma uthengisa imikhiqizo noma izinsizakalo ku-inthanethi futhi nganoma yisiphi isikhathi umsebenzisi waseYurophu exhumana nawe (kungakhathaliseki ukuthi udala i-akhawunti, uthenge, noma ubhalisele iphephandaba lakho), unesibopho sokwamukela izinyathelo ezibekwe yi-GDPR.

Lolu hlaka lwezomthetho lusebenza futhi kudatha eqoqwe ngamafomu okuxhumana, izinqubo zokuthenga, amakhukhi, izinhlelo zezindaba, noma noma yiluphi ubuchwepheshe obuqoqa ulwazi lomuntu siqu.

Izinguquko ezinkulu ze-GDPR emkhakheni we-eCommerce

I-GDPR ilethe uchungechunge lwentuthuko entsha ephoqelele izinguquko kubuchwepheshe besitolo se-inthanethi kanye nokuphatha kwabo kanye nomthetho. Ake sihambe nezici ezibalulekile:

• Indlela esekelwe ekulawuleni ubungozi: Kuyadingeka ukuhlaziya ukuthi yiziphi izingozi ezikhona ekucutshungulweni kwedatha futhi senze ngokufanele, ngezinqubomgomo zokuvikela eziklanyelwe icala ngalinye.
• Ukungafihli okwengeziwe nokucaca: Konke kufanele kuchazwe ngendlela elula nefinyelelekayo. Izinqubomgomo zobumfihlo, izaziso zomthetho, nemibhalo yekhukhi kufanele iqonde.
• Imvume ecacile nenolwazi: Amafomu nezinqubo zokuqoqwa kwedatha kufanele kuqoqwe ngokucacile ukugunyazwa komsebenzisi. Amabhokisi athikhiwe kusengaphambili nombhalo ongacacile akwamukeleki.
• Amalungelo abasebenzisi anyusiwe: Ilungelo lokukhohlwa, ukuphatheka, ukufinyelela, ukulungisa, ukulinganiselwa kanye nokuphikiswa. Abasebenzisi bangacela izenzo ezithile mayelana nedatha yabo, futhi isitolo kufanele silungele ukuphendula phakathi nezikhathi ezibekelwe isikhathi esifushane.
• Isibopho esisebenzayo: Umthengisi unesibopho sokubonisa ukuthobela i-GDPR ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngakho kufanele agcine amarekhodi futhi akwazi ukunikeza ubufakazi uma kwenzeka kuhlolwa.
• Ukuphathwa komjikelezo wempilo wedathaKusukela ekuqoqweni kuye ekususweni, udinga ukwazi ukuthi kwenzekani ocezwini ngalunye lolwazi lomuntu siqu nokuthi luphathwa kanjani esinyathelweni ngasinye.
• Ukujwayela izingane: Imvume isebenza kuphela kusukela eminyakeni eyi-14 e-Spain. Uma abasebenzisi bengaphansi kwale minyaka, imvume kufanele kufunwe kubazali babo noma abanakekeli.

Zonke lezi zinguquko zithinta kokubili uhlangothi lobuchwepheshe lwesitolo se-inthanethi kanye nokuxhumana kwaso nabasebenzisi kanye nokuphathwa kwedatha yangaphakathi.

Izinyathelo ezibalulekile zokujwayela i-eCommerce yakho ku-GDPR

Ukuthobela i-GDPR kuhilela izinyathelo ezithile okufanele zithathwe yizo zonke izitolo eziku-inthanethi . Lezi yizinyathelo eziyinhloko ongeke uzigweme:

1. Ukuhlaziywa kwengozi: Dala umbiko ukuze uhlonze ukuthi iyiphi idatha yomuntu siqu oyiqoqayo, uyisebenzisa kanjani, nokuthi yiziphi izinsongo ezikhona. Ngale ndlela ungakhetha izinyathelo zokuzivikela ezifanele.
2. Isaziso sesigameko: Sungula izivumelwano zangaphakathi zokwazisa i-AEPD nalabo abathintekayo uma kukhona ukwephulwa kwezokuphepha noma isigameko esifaka engozini idatha yomuntu siqu.
3. Amafomu ewebhu aguqukayo: Sebenzisa amabhokisi emvume ahlukene, ungalokothi uhlolwe ngaphambili, futhi wazise umphakathi mayelana nokusebenzisa okuthile ozokunikeza idatha, isibonelo, ukuthi izosetshenziselwa imikhankaso yokumaketha.
4. Imibhalo yezomthetho ebuyekeziweIzinqubomgomo zobumfihlo, izaziso zomthetho, nezinqubomgomo zekhukhi kufanele zibhalwe ngokucacile futhi zithunyelwe ezindaweni ezifinyeleleka kuwebhusayithi. Kunezifanekiso ezitholakalayo, kodwa ukuzivumelanisa nebhizinisi lakho kuhlala kungcono kakhulu.
5. Idokhumenti yokuphepha: Ichaza ukuthi ubani onesibopho sokucutshungulwa kwedatha, ukuthi izogcinwa isikhathi esingakanani, ubani ongafinyelela kuyo, kanye nezinyathelo zobuchwepheshe ezisetshenziswayo ukuze kuvinjelwe ukufinyelela okungagunyaziwe.

Ngaphandle kwalezi zinyathelo, isitolo sakho sizoba sengozini yokujeziswa futhi, okubi nakakhulu, sizolahlekelwa ukwethenjwa ngamakhasimende.

Inqubomgomo yemvume kanye nekhukhi ku-eCommerce

Enye yezindawo ezidumile ze-GDPR ezitolo eziku-inthanethi imayelana namakhukhi . Abasebenzisi kumele banikeze imvume yabo ecacile yokuthi amakhukhi agcinwe kumadivayisi abo, ikakhulukazi uma asetshenziselwa ukuhlaziya ukuziphatha, ukwenza kube ngokwakho ukukhangisa, noma ukwabelana ngolwazi nabantu besithathu.

Ngokusho komhlahlandlela wamakhukhi we-Spanish Data Protection Agency, obuyekezwe ngo-2020, kuyimpoqo ukusebenzisa amabhanela athile okwamukela lapho umsebenzisi enquma ukuthi yimaphi amakhukhi azowamukela nokuthi yimaphi azowanqaba, futhi ukuqhubeka nokuphequlula akusho ukuthi uyavumelana. Lokho okubizwa ngokuthi "izindonga zamakhukhi," okuvimba ukufinyelela kuwebhusayithi uma umsebenzisi engawamukeli wonke amakhukhi, akuvunyelwe.

Amakhukhi esevisi yobuchwepheshe, yokuqinisekisa noma ecelwe ngumsebenzisi angase akhululwe kule mvume, kodwa wonke amanye adinga isinyathelo esicacile nesinolwazi esivela kuzivakashi.

Kwenzekani uma ungavumelanisi nesitolo sakho esiku-inthanethi ku-GDPR?

Ukwehluleka ukulandela imithetho kungaholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu. Izijeziso zokungalandeli imithetho zingasukela ku-€3.000 kuya ku-€30.000 noma ngaphezulu, kuye ngokuthi icala lingakanani kanye nokuvama kwalo . I-Spanish Data Protection Agency (AEPD) icacile: ngemva kwezikhathi zokuzivumelanisa nezimo, iqinise ukuhlolwa kanye nemiphumela yezomthetho.

Umbhalo olula wezomthetho okopishwe kwi-inthanethi akwanele; ukuthobela imithetho kumele kuboniswe ngemibhalo kanye nezinhlelo ezisebenzayo . Ngaphezu kwalokho, noma yimuphi umsebenzisi angafaka isikhalazo kwabasemagunyeni uma ekholelwa ukuthi amalungelo akhe aphuliwe.

Kunini lapho ukucutshungulwa kwedatha kubhekwa njengokwenzeka nini?

Izinqubo eziningi ngaphakathi kwesitolo se-inthanethi zibandakanya uhlobo oluthile lokucubungula idatha yomuntu siqu, noma ngabe ukubhalisa umsebenzisi, ukuthumela incwadi yezindaba, ukuphatha amazwana, noma ukuhlaziya ithrafikhi kusetshenziswa amakhukhi.

Ukucutshungulwa kwedatha kubhekwa njengokwenzeka lapho ungakwazi ukuhlonza umuntu ngegama lakhe, ikheli le-imeyili, ikheli le-IP, izihlonzi zamakhukhi, noma ezinye izinto ezivumela izenzo ukuthi zihlotshaniswe nomsebenzisi othile.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amanye amakhukhi obuchwepheshe avumela ukuxhumana phakathi kwamadivayisi noma ukusebenza okuyisisekelo kwewebhusayithi awadingi imvume, kodwa kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa lezi zimo futhi uzichaze kunqubomgomo yekhukhi.

Izixazululo namathuluzi okuthobela i-GDPR kumapulatifomu ahlukene

Ngokuya ngeplatifomu isitolo sakho se-eCommerce esakhelwe kuyo, kunezixazululo ezithile zokwenza kube lula ukuthobela i-GDPR. Sigqamisa ezinye ezidume kakhulu:

PrestaShop

Izinguqulo ezintsha ze-PrestaShop zinazo zombili mahhala (zenguqulo 1.7) futhi zikhokhelwe (ngezinguqulo 1.5 no-1.6) amamojula we-GDPR. Lawa mamojula akuvumela ukuthi ulawule izimvume, wenze lula ukususwa kwedatha, futhi uvumelanise amafomu nemithetho emisha. Wonke amadokhumenti angatholakala kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-PrestaShop.

Kungenjalo, kunezinkundla zezinkampani zangaphandle ezifana ne-Cookie-Script, ezihlanganisa isibhengezo somuntu siqu sokuphathwa kwekhukhi nokuqoqwa kwemvume.

I-WordPress ne-WooCommerce

I-WordPress ecosystem inikeza inqwaba yama-plugin ukuze kube lula ukuthobela umthetho. Okunconyiwe kakhulu yi-GDPR kanye ne-GDPR Cookie Consent, eyenza imisebenzi eminingi edingekayo ekuphathweni kwemvume nokuzivumelanisa nenqubomgomo yekhukhi.

Amanye ama-plugin, njenge-EU Cookie Law ye-GDPR/CCPA kanye ne-Ultimate GDPR & CCPA Compliance Toolkit, anikeza izixazululo ezithuthukisiwe, ezihlanganisa izigelekeqe zemvume, ukuvinjwa kwamakhukhi, nokuhambisana namanye amathuluzi okuthengisa edijithali.

Amalungelo omsebenzisi nezenzo ezibalulekile

Enye yezinto ezintsha ezinkulu ze-GDPR ukuqiniswa kwamalungelo ezakhamuzi . Umsebenzisi ngamunye angasebenzisa:

• Ilungelo lokufinyelela: Yazi ukuthi iyiphi idatha egcinwayo nokuthi isetshenziswa kanjani.
• Ilungelo lokulungiswa: Lungisa idatha yakho yomuntu siqu uma kukhona amaphutha noma isiphelelwe yisikhathi.
• Ilungelo okufanele ulikhohlwe: Cela ukususwa okuphelele kwedatha yakho.
• Ilungelo lokuphatheka: Thola idatha yakho ngefomethi ehlelekile bese uyidlulisela kwesinye isilawuli uma uthanda.
• Ilungelo lokukhawulelwa noma ukuphikiswa: Khawulela ukusetshenziswa okuthile kolwazi noma ukucubungula udoti ngezinjongo zokuthengisa.

Abathengisi abaku-inthanethi kufanele babe nezinhlelo ezikhona ukuze bathole ngokushesha, baphathe, futhi baphendule lezi zicelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abasebenzisi kumele baziswe ngokucacile nangokulula mayelana nendlela yokusebenzisa la malungelo.

Izibopho ezengeziwe ze-eCommerce

Akwanele ukuvele ubuyekeze imibhalo noma izibhengezo. I-GDPR idinga uchungechunge lwezibopho ezengeziwe izitolo eziku-inthanethi okufanele zizenze ngaphakathi:

• Irekhodi lemisebenzi yokucubungula: Gcina uhlu lwazo zonke izinqubo lapho idatha yomuntu siqu isingathwa khona, echaza injongo, abamukeli, nezikhathi zokugcinwa.
• Ukubuyekezwa kwesizindalwazi nokuhlanza: Ungagcini idatha engadingekile noma engavunyelwe. Kubalulekile ukuqeda amarekhodi amadala nangenabulungiswa.
• Ukuqokwa Kwesikhulu Sokuvikelwa Kwedatha (DPO): Kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi ezinkampanini ezinkulu noma lapho uphatha idatha ebucayi, umuntu othize kufanele aqokwe ku-AEPD.
• Ukuxhumana nabantu besithathu: Uma udlulisela idatha ezinkampanini zangaphandle (abahlinzeki bezinkokhelo, abahlinzeki bemikhumbi, izinkundla zokuposa, njll.), kufanele usayine izinkontileka zokucubungula idatha futhi uqinisekise ukuthi nazo ziyahambisana ne-GDPR.

Ngakho-ke, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo kuyinqubo eqhubekayo futhi kudinga ukuqeqeshwa, ukugadwa, nokubuyekezwa ngokusabela kunoma yiziphi izinguquko ezingokomthetho noma zezobuchwepheshe.

Umthelela we-GDPR ku-eCommerce ukumaketha kwedijithali

Ukumaketha ku-inthanethi okusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwedatha yomuntu siqu nakho kushintshe kakhulu ngokuqaliswa kwe-GDPR. Uma usebenzisa imikhankaso ye-imeyili, izincwadi zezindaba, noma ukumaketha kabusha, kufanele uqaphele kakhulu :

• Thola njalo imvume ehlukene ngenhloso ngayinye ethile (ukukhangisa, ukuhlaziya, ukuthumela ulwazi, njll.).
• Qopha futhi ugcine ubufakazi baleyo mvume, okumele ikwazi ukuhoxiswa noma nini ngumsebenzisi.
• Hlela kabusha amafomu kanye nezindlela zokuqasha ukuze ajwayelane ngokugcwele nemithethonqubo futhi agweme amabhokisi ahloliwe.
• Kufaka amasistimu azenzakalelayo wokuzikhipha ohlwini kanye nokwenza lula ukuphatheka kwedatha (Amathuluzi okuthumela i-imeyili njenge-MailChimp kanye ne-Acumbamail asevele ekuvumela lokhu).

Ukucutshungulwa kwedatha ephathelene nezingane nakho kuqinile kakhulu, ngakho izinhlelo zokuqinisekisa ubudala kanye nezindlela zemvume yabazali kufanele zisetshenziswe lapho kunesidingo.

Izincomo ezibalulekile zokuthobelana okungenazinkinga

• Yenza yonke imibhalo yakho yezomthetho ihambisane nebhizinisi lakho futhi uyigcine isesikhathini samanje..
• Sebenzisa amathuluzi aqondene nengxenyekazi yakho (PrestaShop, WooCommerce, Shopify, njll.) ezikusiza ukuthi uphathe ngokuzenzakalela izimvume nezicelo zabasebenzisi.
• Yenza ukucwaninga ngezikhathi ezithile kokuqoqwa kwedatha yakho nezinqubo zokucubungula, okuhlanganisa ukuhlaziywa kwamakhukhi, ama-plugin noma amasevisi ezinkampani zangaphandle.
• Qeqesha iqembu lakho futhi ubuyekeze izinqubomgomo ngezikhathi ezithile. ukuqinisekisa ukuthi konke kwenziwa ngendlela efanele.
• Ungalondolozi idatha ngaphezu kokudingekile, susa abathintwayo abadala namarekhodi ukuze unciphise izingozi.

Ukuba neseluleko sezomthetho noma ukuqasha izinsiza zokubonisana kungaba yinto ehlanganisiwe yokuqinisekisa ukuthula kwengqondo okukhulu nokulindela ukuhlolwa okuzayo.

Ukuhambisana ne-GDPR akuphoqelekile kuphela, kodwa sekube yisici esibalulekile ekutholeni ukwethenjwa komsebenzisi nokugqama njengesitolo se-inthanethi esivikelekile nesichwepheshile. Ibhizinisi elithatha ubumfihlo ngokungathi sína lihlinzeka ngevelu nokuthula kwengqondo kumakhasimende alo, ekugcineni elithuthukisa izinga lokuguqulwa nesithunzi salo ku-inthanethi.