Ongqongqoshe bezezimali be-EU sebefinyelele i isivumelwano sezepolitiki sokuqeda ukukhululwa ezindlekweni esahlanganisa ukuthunyelwa ngenani elimenyezelwe elingaphansi kwama-euro angu-150. Ngaphezu kwalokho, baye banquma sheshisa ukungena kwayo ekusebenzeni ngokusebenzisa ifomula yesikhashana evumela ukuthi isetshenziswe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ngo-2026, esikhundleni sokulinda idethi ehleliwe ekuqaleni.
Nakuba ukuguqulwa kuthinta abathengisi be amazwe esithathu Ngokuvamile, kugxilwe ekulethweni kwamaphasela okudayisa ku-inthanethi angabizi kakhulu, angena emakethe yaseYurophu ngobuningi. Izinkundla ezifana UShein noTemu Babala ingxenye enkulu yalokhu kuthunyelwa: Ikhomishana ilinganisela ukuthi ngonyaka odlule zaqoshwa. 4.600 million amaphakheji inani eliphansi—elingaba izigidi ezingu-12 ngosuku—nokuthi iningi livela eChina.
Yini eshintshayo futhi kusukela nini
Kuze kube manje, amaphakheji anenani elishiwo Izinto ezingaphansi kwama-euro angu-150 azikhokhiswangaNgezinguquko, lowo mnyango uyavalwa: ukuthengiswa kwamanye amazwe kuzoqala ukukhokhiswa intela kusukela ku-euro yokuqala, futhi ukuqoqwa kwemisebenzi yokungenisa impahla kuzophinde kuqiniswe. I-VAT kuhlobene.
Uhlelo lokuqala lwaxhumanisa isilinganiso nokusetshenziswa kwe Isikhungo sedatha yekhasimende le-EU, kuhlelelwe ungakapheli unyaka wezi-2028. Nokho, abangamashumi amabili nesikhombisa bavumelene ngokuthi kusenesikhathi: umsebenzi uzoqala ngo isixazululo esilula nesesikhashana ngo-2026, njengoba kuchazwe uStephanie Lose, uNgqongqoshe Wezomnotho waseDenmark kanye noMongameli wamanje woMkhandlu.
Kusuka kuKhomishana, iPhini likaMongameli uMaroš Šefčovič ugcizelele ukuthi akuyona nje inkinga yezobuchwepheshe, kodwa indaba ukuvikela izithakazelo zezomnotho zaseYurophu futhi wehlise umthwalo umthamo wamaphasela anenani eliphansi owubekayo emasikweni.
Obani abathintekayo futhi ngani?
Ukususwa kokukhululwa kusebenza kukho konke ukuthengwa kwe amapulatifomu angewona awe-EU zithunyelwa ngqo kubathengi baseYurophu. Nokho, igalelo elibonakala kakhulu ligxile kwiziqhwaga zamanani aphansi njengoTemu noShein, ukukhula kwazo okuye kwachazwa ngokuthi “kushesha kakhulu.”
UBrussels uphikisa ukuthi umkhawulo wamanje wama-euro ayi-150 usuyi-a isihluziNgokwemininingwane yabo, kufika ku-65% wamaphakheji anenani eliphansi afika ne- ukubukela phansi yenani elimenyezelwe ukuze kugwenywe amanani entengo. Lesi simo silimaza abathengisi baseYurophu abathobela izintela nemithethonqubo evela ku-euro yokuqala.
Umthelela ubonakala ikakhulukazi ku modanakuba idlulela nakweminye imikhakha. ESpain, isibonelo, inhlangano yemboni yamathoyizi ilinganisela ukulahlekelwa eduze 11% wenzuzo yayo ngenxa yokushintsha kokuthenga ezitolo eziku-inthanethi zangaphandle ngesikhathi semikhankaso ebalulekile.
Ama-oda nemiphumela yomthengi eSpain azobiza malini?
Lapho ukuguqulwa kuqala ukusetshenziswa, imiyalo evela emazweni esithathu Bazokhokha amanani kanye ne-VAT kusukela ku-euro yokuqala yenani elimenyezelwe. Ngokuya ngo-opharetha we-logistics, izimali zokuphatha amasiko zingase zengezwe, okuzokwandisa izindleko eziphelele ze-oda.
Ngaphandle kwezindleko, kungenzeka ukuthi ukulethwa Okunye ukuthunyelwa kungase kuhambe kancane uma kusetshenziswa izilawuli ezengeziwe. Ngokubuyisela, umthengi kufanele azuze kukho ukulandeleka nokuvikeleka ngemvelaphi kanye nokuhambisana kwemikhiqizo.
Idatha nokulawula: ukulinganisa kancane, ukuphepha kanye namasiko
Ikhomishini ixwayisa ngevolumu engakaze ibonwe: nxazonke Ukuthunyelwa kwezigidi ezingama-4.600 enenani eliphansi onyakeni odlule, elilingana nezigidi ezingu-12 nsuku zonke, nesisindo esiphakeme kakhulu samaphasela aphuma ChinaIzinsizakalo zomphakathi zibika izinombolo ezikhuphuka ngokushesha.
Iziphathimandla zigxile e ukubukelwa phansi okuhlelekile wezimpahla ukugwema amanani. Inhloso yezinguquko ukuqinisa amandla okuqinisekisa inani langempela kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwemikhiqizo, ukunciphisa ukukhwabanisa emngceleni.
Kukhona futhi ingxenye ye ukuphepha kwabathengiNgezilawuli ezisebenza kahle kakhudlwana, inhloso iwukunqanda ukungena kwezinto ezingathobeli imithetho ye-EU noma okungenzeka kube okomgunyathi, ikakhulukazi ezigabeni ezibucayi.
Ukuqaliswa: isigaba sesikhashana kanye nesikhungo sedatha yangokwezifiso
Uhlelo lokusebenza luzofika ngezigaba ezimbili. Okokuqala, a isigaba sesikhashana lokho kwenza amazwe angamalungu aqale ukukhokhisa amanani ezimpahla ezinenani eliphansi sekuvele ku-2026Bese, ukuthunyelwa okugcwele kuzokwenzeka lapho isikhungo sedatha yangokwezifiso sisebenza, kungakapheli u-2028.
Phakathi nesigaba sesikhashana, izinqubo ezenziwe lula kanye a umthwalo omkhulu wezingxenyekazi kanye nabaqhubi ekumemezelweni kwenani nokuqukethwe, ukwenza lula ukuqoqwa kwe-euro yokuqala kanye nokwenza ngcono izinga lolwazi.
Ngesikhungo sedatha, a ukushintshana kwemingcele inqubo eshesha kakhudlwana phakathi kwamahhovisi entela, engasiza ukuthola amaphethini okuhlukunyezwa, isheshise ukuhlolwa, futhi iqinisekise ukuqoqwa kwemisebenzi kanye ne-VAT ukulethwa kwamaphasela abiza kancane.
Umthelela ekuhwebeni kweYurophu
Emabhizinisini aseYurophu, isilinganiso sihlose ukubeka inkundla yokudlala. ukuthengisa okuqondile ngaphandle kwe-EU izindleko eziphansi. Ukuqeda ilungelo lokuthumela izimpahla ezincane kunciphisa igebe phakathi kwalabo abamemezela futhi bakhokhe yonke into nalabo abaqhudelana ngenzuzo.
Abathengisi bayaqiniseka ukuthi ukuguqulwa kuzonciphisa ingcindezi ephansi yamanani futhi sithuthukise ukusimama kwe-margin, ikakhulukazi emikhakheni egxile emfashinini kanye nempahla yabathengi. Esikhathini esimaphakathi, i-EU ilindele umthelela omuhle ku ukuqoqwa kanye nekhwalithi yalokho okungena emakethe eyodwa.
Umnyakazo we-Ecofin uphawula inguquko: i-EU ibeka usuku lwe ukuhoxiswa kokukhululwa Ukuthunyelwa okungaphansi kwama-euro angu-150, kuqinisa izilawuli ezimelene nokunciphisa inani futhi kwenza isisekelo sokuncintisana okuhle. kulungile, enemiphumela ebonakalayo kubathengi, amabhizinisi nabaqhubi bezokuthutha ezinyangeni ezizayo.
