Sekuphele izinyanga ezimbili iMorocco, ngaphandle kwesixwayiso, yamisa umsebenzi endaweni Amasiko e-Ceuta kanye ne-Melilla Phakathi nokukhishwa kwe-OPE (Customs Office), umphakathi wamabhizinisi kuwo womabili amadolobha azimele uyaqhubeka nokuzwa umthelela wokwehla komnotho, okuthi, kude nokuqedwa, kugcine "imikhuba evamile" ethenjisiwe isemoyeni.
Phakathi naleso sikhathi, olwandle, okulandelayo kwenzeka: imisebenzi yokulawula amasiko nezinkinga zangaphakathi ziyavela: ukuhlolwa kwemikhumbi ethwala impahla esolisayo, izidakamizwa ukuntanta ku-Strait, ukukhwabanisa kwentela okubandakanya uphethiloli, kanye nenkulumompikiswano eshubile ngokuba khona kwe-asbestos emikhunjini yeCustoms Surveillance. I-panorama eshubile ehlanganisa ingcindezi yokusebenza, ukungaqiniseki, kanye ne- ucwaningo olusha lwe-e-commerce weKhomishini yaseYurophu.
I-Ceuta ne-Melilla: izithembiso, imikhawulo, kanye nebhuleki elivimbela ukuhweba
Umgwaqo ubumuncu selokhu iMorocco ivale Melilla commercial amasiko futhi, ngemva konyaka, "ukuhweba okungavamile" emngceleni waseCeuta kwaqedwa. Ngemuva kokuvalwa kobhubhane ngo-2020, ukuvulwa kabusha kwabantu kwafika ngoMeyi 2022, kodwa ukudlula kwezimpahla akuzange kuqale kwaze kwaba sekuqaleni kwalo nyaka kwase kuba ngama-dribs namadrabs kuphela. Ukuhlehla kwakamuva kwenzeke ngoJulayi, kuhambisana ne-OPE, kushiya zombili ukuwela imingcele—iTarajal kanye noBeni Ensar— ukungaqondakali kokusebenza okukhungathekisa amabhizinisi nohulumeni basekhaya.
UNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle uJosé Manuel Albares ukuchithile ukuvalwa okuqinisekile maphakathi noJulayi futhi wavikela lowo msebenzi wezohwebo ayihambisani nge-OPE. Kodwa-ke, akekho kuHulumeni ocacisile ukuthi ukugeleza okuzinzile kuzobuyiswa nini futhi kanjani. Lokhu kuntuleka komugqa wesikhathi kukhulisa umbono wokuthi "i-normalization" ihlala ibambekile.
Ngasohlangothini lwebhizinisi, ukugxekwa kusobala. I-Ceuta Business Confederation ikholelwa ukuthi ihhovisi lentela elakhiwe "lisebenzela ukubukisa, hhayi ukuhweba," futhi lifuna imithetho. icacile, izinzile futhi i-symmetrical ukuthi noma yiliphi iqembu elingakwazi ukulishintsha lizimele. EMelilla, inhlangano yabaqashi bayo imile ekutheni okwenzekile kusukela ngo-2018 kube "yintukuthelo", imisebenzi yobufakazi njengezinto zikagesi zasendlini ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe noma izithelo nemifino engenisiwe, futhi nokuvuleka ngezikhathi ezithile "lapho kunqunywa kanjalo e-Rabat."
Omunye umthombo wokushuba kwesimo umbuso wabahambiImithombo yebhizinisi ku-Ceuta ibika ukuthi uhlaka oluqashelwa umhlaba wonke lwenani lokusebenzisa umuntu siqu aluhlonishwa, olujulisa umuzwa wo ukungathembeki futhi kwenza ithrafikhi yansuku zonke ibe nzima.
Izinombolo zisekela ukuxilongwa: kusukela ngoJanuwari babhaliswe eMelilla 19 izindawo zokuwela impahla (7 kuphela ukuya eMorocco) naseCeuta 42 iziphambano, ngokunyakaza okukodwa okuvela edolobheni elizimele. Amanani akhombisa a ubuncane be-boot futhi ngaphandle kokuqhubeka.
Ukubhekwa kweCustoms: ukusebenza olwandle nasezindaweni zabasebenzi
Ngokuhambisana nokuvinjwa komhlaba, ukulawulwa kolwandle kuye kwaqiniswa. Umkhumbi wezimpahla Lila Mumbai, ngaphansi kwefulegi laseLiberia, waboshwa okokuqala e-Ceuta wabe esedluliselwa e- Isiqhingi sase-Algeciras ngezizathu zokuhleleka. Ukuhlinzwa kwakuhilela i Customs Surveillance, imikhumbi emibili evela ku-Civil Guard kanye ne-GEAS. Inhloso: ukuqhathanisa impahla kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi lokho okumenyezelwe kuyahambisana yini nalokho okuthuthiwe, ngokuhambisana izilawuli zokuvinjelwa kwezikhali ebhalwe yi-UN. Uma kuqinisekiswa ukuthi kukhona okungahambanga kahle, ukushaqwa kunganqunywa futhi ukungasebenzi yomkhumbi.
Emanzini azungeze i-Rock, i-Gibraltar Customs (HM Customs) ibambe a bale ngamakhilo angama-40 ensangu, etholakala abasebenzi be-HMC Sentinel cishe amamayela amathathu eningizimu ye-Europa Point. Lesi senzo, njengengxenye ye ama-patrols ajwayelekile, igqamisa ingcindezi eqhubekayo emizileni esetshenziswa ukushushumbiswa kwezidakamizwa eStrait.
Futhi ngokwemibandela yentela, ukusebenza okuhlanganyelwe echwebeni elingaphandle lase-A Coruña kwavumela ukungenelela 5.600 amalitha kadizili we-premium ukusetshenziswa okungafanele ezimotweni zokwakha. I-Civil Guard kanye Nomnyango Wentela Nezintela ukhiphe imibiko embalwa yokwephulwa koMthetho Wentela Yempahla kanye imithetho yezimboni, ngemva kokuthola amadiphozithi angavamile kanye nophethiloli ophawulwe ukusetshenziswa okungagunyaziwe.
Enye impikiswano enkulu ikhomba ukuphepha kwendawo yokusebenza: ukuhlolwa okuyalwe yi-DAVA kukhonjiwe asbestosi emikhunjini eminingana yeCustoms Surveillance, kwalimala abahlanu enyakatho yeSpain kanye nokugxila emkhunjini okhethekile wokusebenza. Petrel, oneminyaka engamashumi amahlanu ubudala. I-UGT igxeka ukuhlolwa "ngokuyisisekelo"okuyinto engazinaki izindawo ezibucayi; i-AEAT iphendula ukuthi ukubuyekezwa kwenziwa ngu- inkampani ekhethekile nokuthi ukuqapha kuhlelekile, ngaphandle kwengozi kubasebenzi, ngaphezu kokulungiselela imibiko yezempilo yomsebenzi.
Enye impi iliwa ezinkantolo: kwafakwa isikhalo ngobugebengu ikhishwe okwesikhashana njengoba kungatholakali ubufakazi obuqinile, inyunyana isiphendukele ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. I-UGT iphinde igxeke i indawo elinganiselwe wokubhekwa kwezempilo okukhethekile kanye nokushintshwa kwamayunithi ahoxisiwe yimikhumbi "esesimweni esingesihle", okuthi, ngokombono wakhe, idlulisele abasebenzi ingozi ye-carcinogenic kweyomshini kanye nesakhiwo.
Isithombe esishiywe yilezi zindawo singesinye samasiko ngaphansi kwengcindezi eqhubekayo: Ukuvinjwa eCeuta naseMelilla nokungaqiniseki kwezombangazwe nezamabhizinisi; ukuthunyelwa eStrait ngokumelene nokushushumbiswa ngokungemthetho nokukhwabanisa kwentela; futhi uvule izimpikiswano ukuvimbela kanye nempilo emsebenzini Ngaphakathi kwemikhumbi uqobo. Isixazululo sesinyathelo ngasinye—ukwenza ukuhamba ngendlela evamile ne-Morocco, ukugcina izilawuli ezisebenzayo, nokuqinisa ukuphepha kwemishini—kuzonquma isimo sezimpahla ezithengiswayo ezinyangeni ezizayo.
