Ukumenyezelwa kwe- Akukho ntela eNdiya yezikhungo zedatha ze-AI Iqiniso lokuthi bahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zamafu kwamanye amazwe lenze kwaba nokuxwayisa okukhulu ebalazweni lobuchwepheshe bomhlaba wonke. Lesi sinyathelo sibeka leli zwe lase-Asia njengomncintisani oqondile wokuheha ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu kwingqalasizinda yedijithali, ukutshalwa kwezimali, kuze kube manje, okugxile eYurophu nakwezinye izikhungo zobuchwepheshe.
Lesi sinyathelo, sigxile ebhizinisini le- izinsizakalo zefu kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwaLokhu kungakha kabusha indlela amapulatifomu amakhulu abelana ngayo izikhungo zawo zedatha. ESpain nakulo lonke elaseYurophu, kusebenza njengesixwayiso: kungaba izikhuthazo kanye nemvelo yokulawula kuyaqiniswa, noma ingxenye enkulu yokutshalwa kwezimali kwe-AI yesikhathi esizayo ingadluliselwa ezindaweni ezinemithetho yentela engcono.
Akukho ntela kuze kube ngu-2047: ingqikithi yohlelo lwe-India
Uhulumeni waseNdiya umemezele ukuthi uzonikeza intela engekho kuze kube ngu-2047 emalini engenayo etholwa abahlinzeki bezinsizakalo zamafu bakwamanye amazwe, uma nje besebenza kusukela izikhungo zedatha ezitholakala eNdiya futhi sithengise lezo zinsizakalo kwamanye amazwe. Ngamanye amazwi, lesi sikhuthazo senzelwe ukuguqula i-India ibe uhlobo "lweplatifomu" yokuthumela izinsizakalo zedijithali kwamanye amazwe.
Lesi siphakamiso sethulwe ngesikhathi sesabelomali sonyaka yi- UNgqongqoshe Wezezimali uNirmala SitharamanI-India ibeke ingqalasizinda yedijithali kanye ne-AI njengezinto eziza kuqala esu layo lezomnotho lesikhathi eside. Umyalezo ucacile: I-India ifuna abahlinzeki abakhulu bamafu basungule izindawo zabo ze-AI lapho, noma ngabe imakethe yokugcina iseYurophu, e-United States, noma kwamanye amazwekazi.
Ngokubeka umphetho wesilinganiso kuze kube 2047Uhulumeni waseNdiya uthumela isignali yokuzinza kwemithetho, okuvame ukuba nesisindo esikhulu lapho kunqunywa ukuthi uzosebenzisa kuphi izikhungo zedatha ezibiza kakhulu. Lokhu akuyona ibhonasi eyenzeka kanye kuphela, kodwa kunalokho ukuzibophezela kwamashumi eminyaka amaninganaLokhu kungaba kuhle kakhulu kumaphrojekthi adinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu kanye nokubuyiselwa kwemali kwesikhathi eside.
Ngokombono waseYurophu, lolu hlobo lwesikhuthazo sentela esinamandla luhluke kakhulu nezinhlaka eziyinkimbinkimbi lapho intela, imithetho yamandla, kanye nomthethonqubo wedatha kuhlangana khona. Kuyisikhumbuzo sokuthi umncintiswano wamazwe ngamazwe wokuheha izikhungo zedatha ze-AI Le mpi ayisalwiwa kuphela emkhakheni wokusungula izinto ezintsha, kodwa futhi nasekuklanyweni kwezinqubomgomo zezimali ezilungiselelwe wena.
Intshisekelo yama-giants amafu kanye nomjaho wokutshalwa kwezimali
Ushintsho lwezezimali lwaseNdiya aluvelanga ngokuzumayo: lufika ngesikhathi lapho I-Amazon, i-Google ne-Microsoft Bebelokhu bekhulisa amandla abo okusebenzisa ikhompyutha emhlabeni wonke isikhathi esithile ukuze bahlangabezane nesidingo esikhulu sezinsizakalo i-AI ekhiqizayo kanye nefuIzwe lase-Asia linikeza inhlanganisela yemakethe enkulu yasekhaya, ithalente lendawo futhi manje, ngaphezu kwalokho, iphakheji yesikhuthazo esinamandla kakhulu.
Ngo-Okthoba, -Google kwenziwe uhlelo lokutshalwa kwezimali emphakathini Ama-dollar ayi-15.000 ukwakha isikhungo esigxile ku-AI nokuqinisa ingqalasizinda yayo yedatha eNdiya, okuwutshalomali olukhulu kakhulu lwenkampani kuleyo ndawo kuze kube manje. Lesi simemezelo silandela ukuzibophezela kwangaphambilini okwenziwe yi Ama-dollar ayi-10.000 kwenziwe ngo-2020, okubonisa isu lokuba khona okuqhubekayo nokukhula.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, Microsoft Uveze ukuthi uhlela ukwabela cishe Ama-dollar ayi-17.500 kuze kube ngu-2029 ukwandisa inethiwekhi yayo yezikhungo zedatha ezweni. Lo mzamo uhlobene ngqo nesidingo sokuba ingqalasizinda ezinikele ye-AI, okudinga amandla amaningi, ukuxhumana okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokufinyelela kuhadiwe ekhethekile.
Umlingisi wesithathu omkhulu, Amazon, iphinde yathuthukisa inqubekela phambili: imemezele ukutshalwa kwezimali okwengeziwe kwe Ama-dollar ayi-35.000 kuze kube ngu-2030, okuzophakamisa ukuzibophezela kwayo eNdiya cishe Ama-dollar ayi-75.000Lezi zibalo zinikeza umbono ngobukhulu bokunyakaza kanye nendima i-India efisa ukuyidlala esikhathini esizayo se-cloud computing.
ESpain naseYurophu, lapho izifunda eziningana zincintisana khona ukuheha izifunda ezintsha zamafu nezikhungo zedatha, iqiniso lokuthi Ingxenye yamandla e-AI ingase isekelwe eNdiya Ngenxa yokungakhokhi intela, izinzuzo zamanje ziyacatshangelwa kabusha. Ukuncintisana akusekho eYurophu kuphela, kodwa emhlabeni wonke, lapho amazwe ezimisele ukuyeka imali engenayo yentela ukuze athole intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kanye nokudalwa kwemisebenzi.
Izinselele zesakhiwo: izindleko zamandla, amanzi kanye nokusebenza
Naphezu kwezinzuzo zentela, ukukhula komkhakha wezikhungo zedatha eNdiya kubhekene izinselele ezingelutho kangako. Enye yezinto eziyinhloko yi- ukutholakala kwamandla ngezikhathi ezithile, isici esibalulekile sezikhungo ezidinga ukunikezwa kwamandla okuzinzile, okunamandla aphezulu ukuze kunikezwe amandla amapulazi amakhulu eseva ye-AI.
Ngaphezu kokuqina kokunikezwa, izindleko zikagesi eziphezulu Ezindaweni ezithile, ukuncintisana ngezinsizakusebenza zamandla neminye imikhakha kungakhuphula izindleko zokusebenza. Ubuhlakani bokwenziwa busebenzisa kokubili ukubala kanye namandla, ngakho-ke noma yiziphi izindleko ezengeziwe kule ndawo zinganciphisa ezinye zezinzuzo ezitholakala ekukhululweni kwentela.
Esinye isici esibucayi yilesi ukungabi namanziAmanzi ayinsiza ebalulekile yokupholisa izikhungo zedatha zendabuko. Ezifundeni ezinengcindezi ephezulu yamanzi, ukwakhiwa kwengqalasizinda enkulu yezobuchwepheshe kungangqubuzana nezidingo zokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi zabantu kanye nezolimo, okubangela ukungezwani kanye nemikhawulo engaba khona yokulawula.
Lezi zinselele zabelwana ngazo, ngezinga elikhulu noma elincane, ngamanye amazwe afisa ukusingatha izikhungo zedatha ze-AI, okuhlanganisa naseYurophu. ISpain, isibonelo, inayo izindawo ezinemisebe ephezulu yelanga ezikhangayo ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla avuselelekayo, kodwa futhi zihlushwa yiziqephu zesomiso kanye nemikhawulo yamanzi, okuphoqa ukuhlolwa kwezixazululo zokupholisa ezihlukile kanye nemiklamo ephumelela kakhudlwana.
Kulesi simo, isinqumo sokuthola isikhungo sedatha se-AI asixhomekile kuphela ku- intelakodwa kunalokho ibhalansi phakathi kwamanani kagesi, ukuphepha kokuhlinzekwa, ukufinyelela kumakhono, uhlaka lokulawula, kanye, ngokuya ngokukhula, nezindlela zokuzinza kwemvelo. I-India ithathe isinyathelo esinamandla kakhulu kwezezimali, kodwa isadinga ukukhombisa ukuthi ingakwazi ukuxazulula izithiyo zayo zesakhiwo.
Amaphrojekthi e-Flagship kanye nokukhula kwamakhampasi e-AI
Isistimu yesikhungo sedatha saseNdiya ayincikile nje ezinkampanini ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe zase-US kodwa futhi nasemaphrojekthini aqhutshwa ngaphakathi ezweni. Isibonelo esihle yisinyathelo sika Ukuxhumeka Kwedijithali, ibhizinisi elihlangene elisekelwa yi Reliance Industries, I-Brookfield Asset Management y I-Digital Realty Trust, ehlose ukusebenzisa umfutho we-AI ukwakha ingqalasizinda enkulu.
Lo mfelandawonye umemezele ukutshalwa kwezimali okucishe kube Ama-dollar ayi-11.000 ukuthuthukisa Ikhampasi yedatha egxile ku-AI esifundazweni sase-Andhra Pradesh. Lo msebenzi uzothatha cishe Ama-acre angu-400Lokhu kuyifaka phakathi kwezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu zesikhungo sedatha ezihleliwe eNdiya kuze kube manje futhi kuqinisa umqondo wokuthi izwe alifuni nje kuphela ukuheha imali yangaphandle, kodwa futhi lifuna ukuhlanganisa abadlali bendawo abaqinile.
Amakhampasi edatha angalobu bukhulu avumela ukuqoqwa kwe- amandla aphezulu ekhompyutha e-AIngokubambisana kumanethiwekhi, ukuphepha, kanye nokugcinwa. Ngokulandelayo, bakha izimiso zemvelo ezibazungezile, kusukela kubahlinzeki behadiwe kanye nesofthiwe kuya kumasevisi obunjiniyela, ezokwakha kanye nezokuthutha, into i-India efuna ukuyiphinda ngezinga elikhulu.
Umkhuba ofanayo usuvele ubonwe eYurophu lapho kufakwa khona imishini emikhulu emazweni afana ne-Ireland, iNetherlands, neSweden, kodwa lokhu kubhekene nokuhlolwa okwandayo kwemithetho ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwezinsizakusebenza. Iqiniso lokuthi i-India iqhuba amaphrojekthi anjalo amakhulu, kanye ne- intela engekho yezinsizakalo ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazweLokhu kudala indawo yokuncintisana kakhulu yokuheha utshalomali olusha uma kuqhathaniswa nezimakethe zaseYurophu ezivuthiwe, kodwa futhi ezilawulwa kakhulu.
ESpain, efisa ukuzibeka njengesikhungo sedijithali phakathi kweYurophu, i-Afrika, neLatin America, ukuvela kwamakhampasi amakhulu aseNdiya agxile ku-AI kuletha inselele eyengeziwe. Izinqumo zezinkampani mayelana nokuthi zizothola kuphi isikhungo sazo sedatha esilandelayo esikhulu zingase zincike eNdiya uma ibhalansi phakathi kwezindleko, izikhuthazo, kanye namathuba okukhula ibonakala ikhanga kakhulu.
Ukuthuthukiswa kuma-semiconductors kanye nezingxenye: omunye umlenze wesu laseNdiya
inqubomgomo ye Akukho ntela yezikhungo zedatha ze-AI Akuzi kuphela. Isabelomali saseNdiya siphinde sigxile kakhulu ku- ukukhiqizwa kwezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi kanye nama-semiconductor, ngenhloso yokuthi izwe liyeke ukuba yindawo yokuhlangana nje futhi libe yisixhumanisi esifanele ochungechungeni lwenani lomhlaba wonke.
Ngenxa yalokhu, kuhlelwe isigaba sesibili Umsebenzi we-Indian Semiconductoruhlelo olugxile manje ku- ukukhiqizwa kwemishini, izinto zokwakha kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwempahla yobuhlakani eyimfihloUmqondo uwukwenza okungaphezu kwemisebenzi yokuhlanganisa nokuheha ukutshalwa kwezimali ekwakhiweni, ekukhiqizeni, kanye nasebuchwephesheni obubalulekile, okubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukutholakala kwehadiwe ye-AI.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uxhaso lwezimali luzokhushulwa Uhlelo Lokukhiqiza Izingxenye Ze-elekthronikhi, okuzokwanda imali yakho kusukela cishe Ama-rupee ayizigidigidi ezingama-229,19 nxazonke Ama-rupee ayizigidigidi ezingama-400Le ndlela inikeza izikhuthazo ezixhumene kokubili nokukhiqiza okuqhubekayo kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali, ukubuyisela ingxenye yezindleko ezinkampanini ezikhiqiza izingxenye zamasu.
Umphumela ofiselekayo ukudala indawo lapho Ingqalasizinda yedatha ye-AI kanye nokukhiqizwa kwehadiwe qinisana. Ngale ndlela, i-India ihlose ukuzethula hhayi nje njengendawo eshibhile yokusingatha idatha, kodwa futhi njengendawo yobuchwepheshe ephelele ekwazi ukusekela lonke uchungechunge, kusukela kuma-chip kuya kumasevisi efu.
IYurophu iphinde yethula izinhlelo zayo, njenge-European Chip Act, zokunciphisa ukuthembela emazweni esithathu, kodwa inhlanganisela yeNdiya yezikhuthazo zentela zezikhungo zedatha kanye nokusekelwa okuqondile kokukhiqizwa kwe-semiconductor kwethula omunye umncintiswano emncintiswaneni womhlaba wonke osuvele uqhudelana kakhulu.
Yini esengozini ngeSpain neYurophu endaweni entsha ye-AI
Ngokombono waseYurophu, iphakethe lezinyathelo ze-India lifika ngesikhathi lapho I-EU ifuna ukulinganisela ukuncintisana, imithethonqubo kanye nokusimamaI-EU ibeke phambili ukuvikelwa kwedatha, ukulawulwa kwe-AI kanye nemigomo yesimo sezulu, kuyilapho amazwe afana ne-India egcizelela kakhulu izikhuthazo zentela kanye nokuthunyelwa kwengqalasizinda ngokushesha.
ESpain, ekwazile ukuheha ezinye izikhungo zedatha ezifanele kanye nezindawo zamafu eminyakeni yamuva nje, inselele itholakala ukugcina ukukhanga kuqhathaniswa nezinketho ze-zero taxIzici ezifana nokuzinza kwezikhungo, ubulungu emakethe eyodwa yaseYurophu, ukuxhumana namanye amazwekazi, kanye nokwandisa ukufinyelela ezintweni ezivuselelekayo kungaba yizinzuzo lapho kubhekene nokuncintisana okunamandla kangaka.
Kodwa-ke, izinqumo zokutshalwa kwezimali ngokuvamile zisekelwe ezilinganisweni ezithile zezindleko nezinzuzo. Ukukhululwa kwentela okuhlongozwayo yiNdiya kuze kube ngu-2047 kwezinsizakalo zamafu eziqondiswe kwamanye amazwe kungenza izikali zibheke e-Asia kumaphrojekthi amakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma sikhuluma ngakho Izikhungo zedatha ze-AI eziqondiswe kumakhasimende omhlaba wonke.
Okungeziwe kulokhu yingxenye yethalente: i-India ine isisekelo esibanzi sonjiniyela kanye nochwepheshe bezobuchwephesheLesi yisici esihambisana nezikhuthazo zentela. IYurophu neSpain zincintisana nohlaka lwezisebenzi oluvikela kakhulu, kodwa futhi oluqinile kwezinye izimo, olungathinta izibalo zezinkampani ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe.
Ekugcineni, izinqumo zezinkampani mayelana nokuthi zizobeka kuphi ingqalasizinda yazo elandelayo ye-AI zizokwenziwa ngokuqhathanisa lezi zici: intela, imithethonqubo, izindleko zamandla, ukufinyelela ethalenteni kanye nokuzinzaLesi sinyathelo saseNdiya sinezela ingcindezi eYurophu ukuthi ibuyekeze amathuluzi ayo okusekela uma ingafuni ukubona ingxenye yegagasi elisha lezikhungo zedatha isuka ezwenikazi.
Ngokumenyezelwa kwe- Akukho ntela eNdiya yezikhungo zedatha ze-AI Ukuze kudonswe izinkampani ezithengisa izinsizakalo kwamanye amazwe, izwe liqalise ukuhlasela okucacile ukuze lidonse hhayi nje kuphela izinkampani ezinkulu zamafu, kodwa lonke uchungechunge lwenani lobuchwepheshe oluhlobene nobuhlakani bokwenziwa. Ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu okuvela ku-Google, i-Microsoft, i-Amazon, kanye namaphrojekthi endawo afana ne-Digital Connexion megacampus kubonisa ubukhulu balokhu kuzibophezela, okuhambisana nezinhlelo zokuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwama-semiconductors kanye nezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi. Bebhekene nalesi simo, iSpain neYurophu baphoqeleka ukubala kabusha isu labo, balinganise uhlaka lwabo lokulawula kanye nolwezemvelo nezikhuthazo ezikwazi ukuncintisana endaweni lapho intela enamandla isibe ithuluzi elibalulekile ekunqumeni ukuthi izikhungo ze-AI ezilandelayo zizotholakala kuphi.
